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Kidney Stone Treatment

Kidney stones, also known as renal calculi, are solid concretions or crystal aggregations formed in the kidneys from dietary minerals in the urine. These stones can vary in size and may cause severe pain and urinary complications. Effective management of kidney stones is crucial to prevent recurrence and alleviate symptoms.

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Kidney Stone Treatment

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  1. Kidney Stone Treatment - Dr. Deepesh Kalra

  2. Introduction Kidney stones, also known as renal calculi, are solid concretions or crystal aggregations formed in the kidneys from dietary minerals in the urine. These stones can vary in size and may cause severe pain and urinary complications. Effective management of kidney stones is crucial to prevent recurrence and alleviate symptoms. This document provides a comprehensive overview of kidney stone treatment options, tailored for Dr. Deepesh Kalra.

  3. Types of Kidney Stones Understanding the type of kidney stone is essential for determining the appropriate treatment. The main types include: Calcium Stones: Comprising calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate, these are the most common type. Struvite Stones: Often associated with urinary tract infections, these stones can grow quickly and become quite large. Uric Acid Stones: Formed in people who lose too much fluid due to chronic diarrhea or malabsorption, those with a high-protein diet, and certain genetic factors. Cystine Stones: Resulting from a hereditary disorder that causes the kidneys to excrete excessive amounts of certain amino acids.

  4. Diagnostic Methods Diagnosing kidney stones typically involves a combination of the following methods: Imaging Tests: Non-contrast helical CT scans are the gold standard for detecting kidney stones. Ultrasound can be used for those who should avoid radiation exposure. Urinalysis: Identifies crystals, red blood cells, white blood cells, and bacteria in the urine. Blood Tests: Evaluate kidney function and check for chemical imbalances that may cause stones. Stone Analysis: Retrieval and analysis of passed stones to determine their composition.

  5. Treatment Options 1. Conservative Management 2. Medications 3. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) 4. Ureteroscopy 5. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

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