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Chapter 38_ Mgt of Patient with Oral and Esophageal D_O

Good day everyone, and welcome to my presentation on Chapter 38: Management of Patients with Oral and Esophageal Disorders.

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Chapter 38_ Mgt of Patient with Oral and Esophageal D_O

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  1. "Nursing Care for Hiatal Hernia"Understanding Nursing Interventions and Patient Care

  2. Introduction to Hiatal Hernia • Definition: A condition where a part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. • Types of Hiatal Hernia: • Sliding Hiatal Hernia (more common, stomach and lower esophageal sphincter move up into the chest). • Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia (part of the stomach moves into the chest but the LES stays in place, higher risk of complications).

  3. Causes & Risk Factors • Weakening of the diaphragm muscles • Increased abdominal pressure due to: • Obesity • Pregnancy • Chronic coughing or straining • Heavy lifting • Aging • Smoking and poor diet

  4. Signs & Symptoms • Heartburn (worsens after meals or lying down) • Acid reflux and regurgitation • Chest pain • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) • Bloating and belching

  5. Nursing Assessment • Patient History: GERD symptoms, lifestyle, dietary habits • Physical Examination: Abdominal distension, bowel sound assessment • Diagnostic Tests: • Endoscopy (visualizes the hernia) • Barium Swallow X-ray • Esophageal pH Monitoring (assesses acid reflux severity)

  6. Nursing Interventions 1. Lifestyle & Dietary Modifications • Encourage small, frequent meals • Avoid spicy, fatty, and acidic foods • Avoid lying down after meals (keep head elevated) • Maintain a healthy weight • Encourage smoking cessation

  7. Medication Management • Antacids (neutralize stomach acid) • Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) (reduce acid production) • H2 Receptor Blockers (decrease acid secretion)

  8. . Postoperative Care (if surgery required) • Monitor for respiratory distress • Assess for dysphagia • Educate on incision care and diet progression

  9. Patient Education and Discharge Instructions • Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities • Follow prescribed medications • Maintain upright position after meals • Schedule regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider

  10. Patient Education and Discharge Instructions • Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities • Follow prescribed medications • Maintain upright position after meals • Schedule regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider

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