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Crime Scene Management

crime scene examination, crime scene photography, Searching Methods

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Crime Scene Management

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  1. Crime Scene Examination & Management • D. P. Gangwar • Forensic Expert, UPSIFS, Lucknow • Director, DP Forensic Lab. • Ex- AD & HOD (Physics & Cyber) CFSL, Chandigarh • Ex- AD & HOD (Physics ) CFSL, Hyderabad • Ex- Guest Vising Faculty of PU, Chandigarh • (33 years CFSL working experience) • Published one Book Forensic Evidence & Many Research • Paper Score-202, Citation-65, h-index-4

  2. What is Crime Scene • A place, where the crime is committed or the evidence could be found. • Any place can be become a crime scene, House, Forest area, Car, or even under water • Each crime scene is unique.

  3. Crime Scene Classification 1. Based on crime and victim’s location. 2. Based on size of scene. 3. Based on type of crime. 4. Based on condition. 5. Based on physical location. 6. Others

  4. Based on crime and victim’s location PRIMARY CRIME SCENE: The original location of a crime or accident. II. SECONDARY CRIME SCENE: An alternate location where additional evidence could be found. In a jewelry store The thieves break into the store, take the jewelry, get into their getaway car, and take the stolen goods to their apartment. PRIMARY CRIME SCENE: Store SECONDARY CRIME SCENE: Apartment

  5. Based on Size Macroscopic crime scene: Field Microscopic crime scene: The ground around the body, body, wounds.

  6. Based on Physical Location Outdoor Crime Scene Indoor Crime Scene • Area may be more • Not covered by roof • More barricading is required • Environment condition factor • Lighting Condition • Small area • Covered by roof • Securing is much easier • Contamination by people is challenge

  7. Mobile Crime Scene

  8. Others type of crime • Homicide/Suicide, • Robbery, • sexual assault, • Organized • Etc.

  9. Summary of SOC Examination • Identification Nature of Crime • Securing the SOC • Make a team/plane for SOC Examination • Photography/Videography • Evidence Searching & Collection, Packing, Marking • Analysis of evidence/lab deposition • Documentation/Sketch etc. • Conduct Secondary Survey • Reconstruction of SOC if needed

  10. SOC Examination Tool Kits A. General Items Crime Scene Protection tape Camera (GPS) for audio, video and photo Hand Gloves Magnifying Glass Torch, Tweezers, Scale, Measuring tape Packing Material i.e. exhibits parcels, clothes etc. Sealing Materials-Seal, candles, Match box etc. Markers B. Case Specific i. Biological samples collection kit ii. Finger prints lifting kit iii. GSR collection Kits iv. Digital data collection kits

  11. SOC Examination A. First Responding officer(s) Medical assistance if needed. Avoid Contamination of Evidence. Securing the crime scene including entry or exit point. Detain witness/suspect, if possible. Exclude all unauthorized personnel from crime scene. Take photograph and record videos of initial scene or note observations (fire case) Inter in SOC site carefully, Many possible evidence such as finger prints etc. that can be found on doors, railing, floor etc.

  12. A Scene of Fire

  13. SOC Examination A. First Responding conti.. 8. Inform/call the concerned IO/team. 9. Make a document/report. Time of arriving, Time of leaving SOC site, Time of calling IO/SOC examination team Time of arriving of IO. Handed over the material such as photo/video, ets. With record

  14. SOC Examination B. Investigation Officer/SOC team Take the information from the first responding officer including photo/video etc. Secure the crime scene till arriving the Forensic expert (if required)/during SOC examination. Avoid Contamination (culprit, victim, witness, Weather, Self)

  15. SOC Examination 4. Searching for Evidence

  16. SOC Examination 5. Photography/Videography

  17. SOC Examination 6. Sketching

  18. SOC Examination 6. Sketching

  19. SOC Examination 7. Note-Taking Date and time of SOC examination Arrival and leaving time Details of team members Scene description- Victim description- Others

  20. SOC Examination 8. Seizing the Exhibits BNSS • Sent a list of seized items with the signature of the witnesses and video- recording of the search and seizure process 48 hours, send to the Magistrate. • Recording will be transferred to the local designated desktop - either directly through device insertion or via Cable or Bluetooth. Mention of this will be made in chain of custody form & Hashing will be done. • will be named in a manner FIR dd mm yyyy SN

  21. SOC Examination • 8. Seizing the Exhibits cont… • Identification-differenttechniques to be used(IR/UV/M.glass) • Collection—proper gloves, forceps, etc. • Packing/Marking—use proper packing material & marked properly • Storage---for DNA storage at 4 degree • Transportation----like Hard Disk used jack free

  22. 9. Chain of Custody of the exhibits/Evidence Forensic lab Evidence/Exhibit Scene of crime Court Hospital चेन ऑफ कस्टडी टूट गया मुख्य मुल्जिम छूट गया From SOC site to the court chain of custody must be maintain The IO at soc site make proper seizure memo sealed the exhibits with proper marking Kept in custody or send to FL in sealed condition with authorized messenger Collect the report and exhibits from the FL and read carefully. Keep the exhibits/evidence in custody till submission to the court.

  23. Golden rules for searching the evidence Search thoroughly using law and methods Breaks should be taken after each search Repeat the examination Photo/video

  24. Reconstruction of crime scene Collect all information/document/photographs Study the case and make a plan Make a team-all required expert-FP, Ball, Bio, Phy etc Reconstruction of SOC is always case specific Arrange all necessary required for SOC-R Dummy can be prepared as per requirement The similar type of event/item should be chosen for Rcs Make photo/video/observation of SOC-Rcs

  25. CASE No.1 Hanging Case

  26. Case N0.2: Shooting case

  27. High Court (PB & HR) Fire case

  28. 1. Homicide/Suicide due to Hanging 1. Ligature material- do not open knot –the whole ligature material should be take in custody for Forensic examination. 2. Take photo and video of the Whole SOC site specially the marks/injuries present on the body before sending for postmortem. 3. Seize all relevant exhibits such as stool/chair etc. 4. Observed the hanging point/object carefully and take photo/video, distance between fan to floor, stool height etc.

  29. 1. Homicide/Suicide due to Fall from Height 1. Take photo and video of the Whole SOC site specially the marks/injuries present on the body, hitting point, before sending for postmortem. 2. Seize all relevant exhibits including cloth of victim etc. Observed/measure the point of hitting of the ground and range i.e. distance from the base to the body. Blood sample of victim etc.

  30. Case: Burning Train

  31. Fire In SDM Office

  32. Fire in Car

  33. Theft cases Take photo/video of whole scene of crime Collect all broken pieces lying on the ground. Note the quantity lying inside and out side with photos The intact pieces before removing its position mark inside and our side surface-it is essential to determine the direction of force-for the same purposes first the nature of fracture should be determine. It is radial or spiral fracture

  34. Fire Scene Examination To determine the nature of fire (natural/accidental/intentional) To determination of the origin point of the fire (from where the started) To determine the cause of the fire (cause of ignition source i.e. chemical etc.) To determine the reasons for the spread of the fire.

  35. Fire Scene Examination The following steps should befollowed; • Collection the Information from the Eyewitnesses or Other Sources During the interview of the eyewitnesses, the following information should be obtained which will help in further fire scene investigation. What was the exact time when you see the fire? 2. Can you describe the fire? (some information about fire) 3. Can you describe the features of the smoke? 4. Where was the fire located/coming out the flame in the structure? 5. Did you smell anything unusual? ( any specific smell) 6. Did you take photographs or video the fire?

  36. 7. Did you see any person, any vehicles, or other activity around the structure either before or during the fire? 8. Did you hear anything? Exterior Examination of Fire Scene-Observation of Colour of Flames Interior Examination of Fire Scene- interior Examination of Fire Scene Determining the Point of Origin of the Fire The Examination of Damage, Burning, and Shoot Deposition Pattern Collection of exhibits packing and marking

  37. Accident cases Take the photo/video Vehicle(s) it self All broken parts of vehicle(s) including number plate, head lights, bumper etc. Note/measure Skid marks if present Paint samples including control samples if required Other control samples

  38. Attack case Photography/videography Magnifying photo/video of point of impact, inner side and outer side Seize vehicle(s), broken glass, do not remove glass from intact position, Collect broken glass, it may be inside or out side of the car Forensic examination reveal the following; i. broken from inside or out side, ii. Type of Impact object such as rod, bullet etc.

  39. Guidelines for SOC Examination

  40. Total 18 Chapters Amazon Flipkart IIP store publisher

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