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MSIR TAUGASJ KD MAR El as lafsson

Syringomyelia (1). Pr

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MSIR TAUGASJ KD MAR El as lafsson

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    1. MSIR TAUGASJKDMAR Elas lafsson 28.10.0928.10.09

    2. Diss: flk tapar srsaukaskyni en heldur stuskyni. Charcot: denerveraiur liir.Diss: flk tapar srsaukaskyni en heldur stuskyni. Charcot: denerveraiur liir.

    3. Syringomyelia (2)

    4. Syringomyelia Stundum tekur flk eftir a a er htt a finna srsauka, brenni sig hellum ofl. Syrinx myndast oft t fr central aqueduct. Spinothalamic affecterast fyrst og getur mgulega teygt sig t motor og svo stuskyn en er mnan svoaem meirogminna farin? Lower motor neuron einkenni hndum en lower motor einkenni ftum...Stundum tekur flk eftir a a er htt a finna srsauka, brenni sig hellum ofl. Syrinx myndast oft t fr central aqueduct. Spinothalamic affecterast fyrst og getur mgulega teygt sig t motor og svo stuskyn en er mnan svoaem meirogminna farin? Lower motor neuron einkenni hndum en lower motor einkenni ftum...

    5. Wilsons sjkdmur (1) Arfgengur sjkdmur sem veldur truflun koparbskap Autosomal recessive Litningur 13 Aukin Cu++ tskilnaur vagi Lkka ceruloplasmin Ekki algengt en er til hr. vkjandi, ttgengi ekki alltaf augljst, lkka ceruloplasmin og kopar vagi. Getur veri akt lifrarbilun. En algengara er hg nevrlgsk einkenni, dysartria og dystonia. Hafa huga egar ungt flk me tskran handarskjlfta. Mehndlanlegur skjd en au einkenni sem hafa komi fram ganga ekki endilega tilbaka.Ekki algengt en er til hr. vkjandi, ttgengi ekki alltaf augljst, lkka ceruloplasmin og kopar vagi. Getur veri akt lifrarbilun. En algengara er hg nevrlgsk einkenni, dysartria og dystonia. Hafa huga egar ungt flk me tskran handarskjlfta. Mehndlanlegur skjd en au einkenni sem hafa komi fram ganga ekki endilega tilbaka.

    6. Wilsons sjkdmur (2) Augneinkenni Kayser-Fleischer hringir Kopar tfellingar cornea Hverfa mefer Sst best me slit lamp Mefer Minnka kopar fi D-penicillamin Einkenni geta versna byrjun meferar

    7. Wilsons sjkdmur (3)

    8. Wilsons sjkdmur tfellingar kopar basalganglia. Sst MR. Ung stelpa fyrir 2 rum sem urfti a fara akt t lifrartransplant, var td ddx MG (tensilon prf)tfellingar kopar basalganglia. Sst MR. Ung stelpa fyrir 2 rum sem urfti a fara akt t lifrartransplant, var td ddx MG (tensilon prf)

    9. Narcolepsy (1) Krnskur sjkdmur sem einkennist af: Mikilli dagsyfju Cataplexy Svefnlmunum Hypnagogic hallucinationum Sofa ekki meira en arir Stafar sennilega af skorti boefninu hypocretini/orexini Nlega uppgtva Ltill kjarni hypothalmus Sendir brautir til allra hluta reticular activatig system Framkallar vku Cataplexia: sstkl ef flk heyrir e- fyndi, getur veri ef e- sorglegt lka, dettur flk niur. Flk vaknar og getur ekki hreyft sig. Getur komi fyrir normalt af og til. 4) finnst einhver vera herberginu egar maur er a sofna. Encephalitis lethargica. Awakenings.Cataplexia: sstkl ef flk heyrir e- fyndi, getur veri ef e- sorglegt lka, dettur flk niur. Flk vaknar og getur ekki hreyft sig. Getur komi fyrir normalt af og til. 4) finnst einhver vera herberginu egar maur er a sofna. Encephalitis lethargica. Awakenings.

    10. Narcolepsy (2) Algengi Seattle: 25-50 per 100.000 slandi Vafalaust vangreint slandi. Byrjar unglingsrum Sama tni krlum og konum Sennilega sjlfsnmis-sjkdmur 25 til 30% concordance eineggja tvburum Htti hr, lesa restHtti hr, lesa rest

    11. Narcolepsy (3) Greining dmiger einkenni Sterk fylgni vi kvena vefjaflokka DR15, DQB1*0602 dagsyfjumling (multiple sleep latencies)

    12. Narcolepsy Mefer F sr blund amphetamine modafinil Ritalin fluoxetn (cataplexy)

    13. Vitamin B12 skortur (1) Orsk lti B12 fu intrinsic factor vantar - pernicious anemia llegt frsog fr terminal ileum - t.d. Crohns sjkd. B12 hverfur arminum - bakteriur, parastar Vitamin B12 finnst eingngu draafurum Neurologskur sjkdmur peripher taugar mna Subacute Combined Degeneration bakstrengir hliarstrengir dementia kemur kjlfar myelopathiu optsk atrfia stundum fyrsta einkenni

    14. Vitamin B12 skortur (2) Anemia er ekki alltaf til staar Se-B12 getur veri elilegt. Homocystein er stundum hkka. Stundum erfitt a greina milli einkenna fr mnu og ttaugum Paresthesiur (hendur>ftur) stugt gngulag Ataxic paraplegia Spasticitet ftleggjum og Babinski svrun Tapa titringsskyn ftum og ftleggjum er mjg berandi Stundum hverfa kklareflexar Skert stuskyn ftum og hndum

    15. Wernickes encephalopathy (1) Einkenni #1 Confusion #2 Ataxia #3 Ophthalmoplegia Einkenni oft dmiger httuttir Drykkjuski Langvarandi uppkst Llegt nringarstand Orsk Thiamin skortur Mefer Thiamin 100 mg IV strax San 50 til 100 mg IM ea IV daglega Mefer parenteral ar til fullngjandi fuinntaka hefur nst Mefer parenteral ar til fullngjandi fuinntaka hefur nst

    16. Wernickes encephalopathy (2) Meinafri Mammilary bodies Periaqueductal grey Hypothalamus Medial thalamus Cerebellum Degeneration, neuronudaui, stundum blingar Horfur Einkenni geta gengi til baka a hluta Ataxia svarar best mefer en andleg einkenni sst 10-20% mortalitet Oft varanleg skering skammtmaminni (Korsakoffs syndrome)

    17. Huntingtons chorea (1) Erfir autosomal dominant HD geni (IT15) litningur 4p inniheldur CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion kar fyrir huntingtin >37 CAG repeats HD geninu Huntingtin finnst vtt um heilann hlutverk ekkt CAG repeat kar fyrir langri polyglutamine keju proteininu Sjkd. kann a staf af toxic gain of function Tni 10 af 100.000

    18. Huntingtons chorea (2) Megin einkenni chorea kippir tlimum grettur dancing (choreic) gait elilegt geslag unglyndi sinnuleysi hmluleysi social withdrawal minni oft elilegt Aldur 30-50 vi upphaf (skur til 70 ra) varir 15 r a mealtali Mismunagreining schizophrenia benign familial chorea inherited ataxias neural acanthocytosis familial Alzheimer sjkd.

    19. Huntingtons chorea (3) Tap neuronum nucleus caudatus og putamen Mikil lkkun GABA og glutamic acid decarboxylasa (framleiir GABA) basal ganglia

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