1 / 24

The Afar and the Twa

The Afar and the Twa. By Trevor Lewis. The Afar. Also Known as the Danakil, the Denakil (Arabic), and the Adal (Amharic). An Afar woman. Image 1. Geography. Mainly inhabit the Afar Triangle (Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti) Pop. 800,000. Map of Ethiopia and Surrounding Area. Image 2.

Angelica
Download Presentation

The Afar and the Twa

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Afar and the Twa By Trevor Lewis

  2. The Afar Also Known as the Danakil, the Denakil (Arabic), and the Adal (Amharic) An Afar woman. Image 1

  3. Geography • Mainly inhabit the Afar Triangle (Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti) • Pop. 800,000 Map of Ethiopia and Surrounding Area. Image 2

  4. History • Language = Saho • Ancestors were settled farmers but became nomadic • Afar Liberation Front (1975) • Clashes between Afar and Somalis in Djibouti Afar Region of Ethiopia. Image 3

  5. Social • Family-based clans • Patrilineal • Asaimara (the “reds”) vs. Adoimara (the “whites”) • Circumcision on boys and girls Afar nomads in Ethiopia. Image 4

  6. Way of Life • Some moved to Addis and Djibouti but most are nomadic pastoralists in desert • Move from water hole to water hole • Dry season  camp along banks of River Awash • End of dry season  food is scarce so many go to Asayita

  7. Way of Life • House  “ari”, made of flexible sticks and mats • Women  look after camp, build houses and beds, keep camp clean and take care of children Afar woman next to Ari. Image 5

  8. Economy • Tend goats, sheep and cattle • Milk and hides  vegetables and grain • Also sell salt • Main markets in Sebete and Bati (Ethiopia) Afar Market in Asayita. Image 6

  9. Politics • Used to be divided into sultanates, each made up of several villages and led by a “dardar” • Age-set societies • Laws  adultery, murder

  10. Religion • Converted to Islam by Arabs in 10th Century • Modified religion to fit own culture and own religion (based on Sky-god) • Non-orthodox, most practice traditional religion

  11. Clothing • “sanafil” – men and women, cloth tied around waist • “harayto” – men • “jile” – men, long curved dagger Afar Men. Image 7

  12. Art • Afar culture is traditionally oral-based so there are few paintings and artifacts • Traditional crafts include: engraving daggers and knives, copperwork, silverwork, wood-carving, and jewelry making (especially necklaces)

  13. The Twa Also known as Batwa Image 8

  14. Geography • Semi-nomadic group, mainly in the forests of Rwanda, Burundi, eastern DRC, and Uganda • Pop. 82,000 – 126,000 Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda and the DRC. Image 9

  15. History • Pygmy group – average height of 1.5 meters (5 feet) • Arrived in area around 70,000 BC (original inhabitants) • Hutus thought Twa were magic • Incorporated into Hutu and Tutsi society as storytellers, dancers, musicians, spies, executioners, and guardians of the sacred fire • Hurt when Germans destroyed court system The American is 5’6”. Image 10

  16. Social • 2 groups – in forest and out of forest • Bands of 7-30 households • Based on cooperation, sharing, and equality • People move freely between groups Twa Community. Image 11

  17. Economic • Work as day laborers on farms, basket makers and trackers for military and safaris • Famous as potters  market ruined by plastic and metal containers Twa woman making a pot. Image 12

  18. Religion • Believe that forest is a living being that should be respected • All groups have healers • Belief in charms  “ingondo” Image 13

  19. Art • Famous for songs and dance • Performed in Tutsi and Hutu court in pre-colonial times • Many form traveling dancing troupes Twa community dancing. Image 14

  20. Politics • Often use local townspeople as intermediaries with government • Politically marginalized and discriminated against • organizations to increase political powers (1990’s) • Association pour le Promotion des Batwa (APB)

  21. Problems • Genocide • Segregation and discrimination • Deforestation • Conservation Laws • Because of these, over 70% of Twa have had to resort to begging and working on others land Twa in Eastern DRC. Image 15

  22. Image Bibliography • “Conceptualizing Public Anthropology.” Mar. 7, 2006 <http://www.publicanthropology.org/Defining/definingpa.htm> • “Ethiopia.” The World Factbook. 10 Jan. 2006. Mar. 7, 2006 <http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/et.html> • “Afar Region.” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 27 Feb. 2006. Mar. 7, 2006 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afar_(region)> • "Afar." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. 8  Mar.  2006 <http://school.eb.com/eb/article-9003906>. • “Eritrea.be.” Mar. 7, 2006 <http://home.planet.nl/~hans.mebrat/eritrea-dankalia.htm> • “English and Literacy.” 11 Sept. 2003. Mar. 7, 2006 <http://www.sln.org.uk/english/KS3,%204,%205%20pages/Elizabeth%20Laird.htm> • “Images from Ethiopia.” Mar. 7, 2006 <http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Ethiopia_GIFS/menu_Ethio.html>

  23. Image Bibliography 2 8. “Actiereactie.” Mar. 7, 2006 <http://www.actiereactie.com/Batwa.html> 9. “MAP – DRC, BURUNDI, RWANDA and UGANDA.” IrinNews.org. Mar. 7, 2006 <http://www.irinnews.org/webspecials/kabila/drc_rwa_bur_uga.asp> 10. “Batwa.” Mar. 7, 2006 <http://www.calacademy.org/research/herpetology/frogs/frogsimp/batwa.htm> 11. “Drum.” Mar. 7, 2006 <edirisa.org/batwa/> 12. “Working for peace in Burundi.” Mar. 7, 2006 www.mcc.org/gallery/ 05_05/photo_12.html 13. “Fotografia.” Mar. 8, 2006 <www.latarnik.pl/ read.php?id=657> 14. “Working for peace in Burundi.” Mar. 7, 2006 www.mcc.org/gallery/ 05_05/photo_12.html 15. “Photo Gallery – Projects.” The Rainforest Foundation. Mar. 7, 2006 <http://www.rainforestfoundationuk.org/s-Project%20Photos?page=9&photo=301&index=71>

  24. Bibliography • “Afar.” Africana. Ed. Kwame Appiah and Henry Gates, 1999. • “Afar.” Encyclopedia of African Peoples. London: The Diagram Group, 2000. • "Afar." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. 5  Mar.  2006 <http://school.eb.com/eb/article-9003906>. • “Central Africa: Nowhere to go; land loss and cultural degradation. The Twa of the Great Lakes.” Mar. 7 2006 <http://www.wrm.org.uy/bulletin/87/CentralAfrica.html> • Cutter, Charles. Africa 2005. 40th ed. Harpers Ferry, WV: Stryker-Post Publications, 2005. • “Djibuti, Republic of.” Grove Art Online. Mar. 7, 2006 <http://www.groveart.com/shared/views/article.html?from=search&session_search_id=603306567&hitnum=1&section=art.023008&authstatuscode=202> • “Mbuti, Twa and Mbenga.” Encyclopedia of African Peoples. London: The Diagram Group, 2000. • “Rwanda’s hidden tribe.” 1998. Mar. 5, 2006 <http://www.survival-international.org/pdf/twabg.pdf> • “The Ba’Twa.” Mar. 5, 2006. <http://www.gng.org/rwanda/hfiles/batwa.html> • “Twa.” Africana. Ed. Kwame Appiah and Henry Gates, 1999. • "Twa." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition. 8  Mar.  2006 <http://school.eb.com/eb/article-9073927>.

More Related