Cordyceps

1. “Free radical scavenging activity of different solvent extract (Water extract, Ethanol : water extract & Methanol extract) of Cordyceps militaris fruiting body Anamika kori (M.Sc Biochemistry) Rani durgawati University

2. WELCOME

3. Cordyceps fungi ( Medicinal mushroom) • Cordyceps , the name given to fungi on insect, it is always has been one of the rarest and most mysterious mushroom. • Cordyceps mushroom used as a medicine in China and Tibet. • Cordyceps , is an ascomycetes mushroom that grows only on the dead subterranean larva of some species of moths, known as Himalayan ghost moths . • Cordyceps is a entmopathogenic fungus . • Cordyceps militaris and Cordyceps sinensis ,are two very beneficial Cordyceps species . Cordyceps militaris Cordyceps sinensis

4. Cordyceps militaris • Cordyceps militaris (Winter worm and summer grass) is one of the most valued traditional Chinese medicines for fighting cancer, increasing longevity, and improving immunity. In recent years number of studies had been carried out to cure dreadful non-communicable diseases like cancer, HIV, diabetes etc. with the use of herbal or natural medicine. • The host of Cordyceps militaris is Lepidopteran pupa and the shade of its fruiting is yellow or orange . • Cordyceps militaris Produce a diversity of bioactive compounds such as nucleoside, Cordycepin and its derivatives, ergosterol, polysaccharides, glycoproteins . Cordycepin is a most important bioactive compound. • Cordyceps militaris have various health beneficial properties – • Anti-inflammatory properties 6. Reduce physical fatigue • Antioxidant properties 7. Helps to treat chronic kidney disease • Improves liver functions 8. Beneficial Oxygen uptake in the body 4. Boost physical performance 9. Blood pressure regulation 5. Help manage blood glucose 10. Anti—Aging and antitumor properties

5. ANTIOXIDANTS • Antioxidant is a molecule capable of inhibiting the oxidation of other molecules. • Oxidation reactions can from free radicals and these start chain reactions that damage cells. • Antioxidants terminate these chain reactions by removing free radical intermediates and inhibit other oxidation reactions. • Antioxidant are help to neutralize free radicals in our bodies, and this is thought to boost overall health. Free radicals are waste substances produced by cells as the body processes food reacts to the environment . If the body cannot process and remove free radicals efficiently, oxidative stress can result. This can harm cells and body function. free radicals are also known as reactive oxygen species (ROS).

6. . Factor that increase the production of free radicals in the body:- • Internal- inflammation, mental stress. • External- pollution, UV exposure, cigarette smoke, drug. NEED OF ANTIOXIDANTS (antioxidant stop oxidative stress) Oxygen Diseases and disorders Cell Damage tissues Damage cells Free radical as a by product Energy (ATP) DPPH DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl) it is a dark colored crystalline powder composed of stable free-radical molecules. DPPH has major applications in laboratory research: A monitor of chemical reactions involving radicals, most notably it is a common antioxidant assay

7. ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF CORDYCEPS MILITARIS . • Cordyceps militaris haveantioxidant property, its prevent or reverse oxidative damage to a target molecule and can be synthesized in vivo or taken from the diet and they are also prevent many chronic disease including cancer, diabetes or neurodegenerative disorders. • C. militaris is a natural antioxidant and their use in the production of new generation of food has increased, food have rich antioxidant Reactive Oxygen species(ROS) with systemic health diseases. • Cordyceps mushroom are promising in this respect as their fruiting bodies are readily available and rich in natural antioxidant. C. militaris dry fruiting bodies used as antioxidant

8. Different extraction solvent used for CM antioxidant activity (Method)

9. Screening of Anti-oxidant activity of the Cordyceps militaris fruiting body of different extraction sample by - spectrophotometric DPPH radical scavenging activity method :

10. Absorbance of the antioxidant activity of water extraction sample of cordyceps militaris fruiting body after 30min, 1hrs, 1:30 hrs, 2nd days, 3rd days of incubation-: Absorbance of the antioxidant activity in 517nm Free radical scavenging activity (%) of water solvent extract

11. Absorbance of the antioxidant activity of ethanol and water (50:50) extraction sample of Cordyceps militaris fruiting body after 30min, 1hrs, 1:30 hrs, 2nd days, 3rd days of incubation-: Absorbance of antioxidant activity in 517nm Free radical scavenging activity (%) of ethanol : water extract

12. Absorbance of the antioxidant activity of Methanol extraction sample of Cordyceps militaris fruiting body after 30min, 1hrs, 1:30 hrs, 2nd days, 3rd days of incubation- Absorbance of antioxidant activity in 517nm Free radical scavenging activity (%) of methanol solvent extract

13. ResultResult obtained for DPPH radical scavenging % according to spectrophotometric analysis by different solvent extract method.

14. Free radical scavenging activity showed by fruiting body of C. militaris by water extract After 1 hours for adding DPPH After 30 min for adding DPPH water solvent extract add DPPH After 1:30 hours for adding DPPH 3rd days for adding DPPH 2nd days For adding DPPH

15. Free radical scavenging activity showed by fruiting body of C. militaris of ethanol :water extract After 1 hours for adding DPPH After 30 minute for adding DPPH ethanol :water solvent extract add DPPH After 1:30 hours for adding DPPH 2nd days For adding DPPH 3rddays For adding DPPH

16. Free radical scavenging activity showed by fruiting body of C. militaris for methanol extract After 30 min for adding DPPH After 1hours for adding DPPH methanol solvent extract add DPPH 2nddays For adding DPPH After 1:30 hours for adding DPPH 3rddays For adding DPPH

17. CONCLUSION • Medicinal Cordyceps are very important to human beings in preserving our health. • The aim of this study is provide recent insights on the fruiting bodies of different solvent extract their experminent evidences of high antioxidant activities. • From this study, it is evident that Cordyceps produce a variety of compound mainly fruiting body for various disorder . • Cordyceps militaris fruiting body showed very high free radical scavenging activity. • The antioxidant properties of water and ethanol extract from fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris was evaluated by using a range of testing systems in the present study and the result suggested that the extract had direct and potent antioxidant activities. • The antioxidant activities of the extract from cultivated fruit bodies of Cordyceps militaris in the assays performed in this study prompt the possible uses of the cultivated C. militaris to meet the needs of the natural antioxidant sources from human health. • Where water extract of Cordyceps militaris fruiting body showed broad scavenging percentage (97.98%) of free radical using 9µl of sample. Ethanol:water extract of fruiting body scavenged (95.79%)with 9µl of sample. Cordyceps militaris fruiting body of methanol extract also showed scavenging activity but compare to water and ethanol extract , methanol extract show low scavenging free radical activity their are showed scavenging percentage (85.48%) with 10µl of sample. The different solvent extract show water and ethanol is best on the grounds of safety and effieiency. Hence was chosen as the best solvent in the extraction experiment .

18. THANK YOU