Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | Max Hospital

1. Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment Colon cancer, also called colorectal cancer, is becoming a significant health concern worldwide. While it was once thought to affect mainly older adults, cases among younger individuals are now rising. Early detection and lifestyle changes can help reduce the increasing burden of this disease. This blog will explore the causes, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment options, and preventive strategies for colon cancer, highlighting the importance of awareness and timely medical care. What is Colon Cancer? Colon cancer originates in the large intestine (colon), which forms the final part of the digestive system. It usually begins as small, benign polyps (clumps of cells) that can gradually develop into cancerous growths over time. In the early stages, colon cancer may not present noticeable symptoms, which makes regular screenings essential for early detection and effective treatment. Genetic Mutations Poor Diet Chronic Inflammation Physical Inactivity Smoking and Alcohol Adenomatous Polyps Diagnosis of Colon Cancer      

2. Timely diagnosis is key to improving outcomes. Healthcare providers use a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests to identify colon cancer: Colonoscopy:A flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the colon to check for polyps or tumours. Any suspicious growths can be removed during the procedure. Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT):A stool sample is examined for hidden blood, which can indicate colon cancer. CT Colonography:A CT scan creates detailed images of the colon and rectum, helping detect irregularities. Biopsy:A sample of tissue from a suspicious growth is examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of cancer cells. Symptoms of Colon Cancer Colon cancer symptoms vary depending on the stage and location of the tumour. Common symptoms include:      Changes in Bowel Habits:Ongoing constipation, diarrhea, or narrow stools lasting more than a few days. Blood in Stool:Bright red or dark-coloured blood may signal bleeding within the colon. Unexplained Weight Loss:Sudden weight loss without a proper reason could indicate an underlying health problem. Abdominal Pain and Cramping:Ongoing discomfort or cramps in the lower abdomen may signal a blockage or tumour. Fatigue and Weakness:Even with adequate rest, a constant lack of energy may be caused by anaemia from internal bleeding. Treatment Options for Colon Cancer The treatment depends on the cancer stage, location, and the patient's overall health. Common treatment options include:  Surgery  Polypectomy  Partial Colectomy  Total Colectomy / Total Proctocolectomy  Chemotherapy  Radiation Therapy  Targeted Therapy  Immunotherapy Conclusion The rise in colon cancer cases highlights the importance of awareness, early detection, and healthy lifestyle choices. Knowing the causes, symptoms, and risk factors helps individuals take proactive measures for prevention and timely treatment. Routine screenings, healthy eating, and staying active can lower the risk of developing colon cancer and enhance overall health. Reference Link: https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/colon-cancer-symptoms-and-causes