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HIGH PRESSURE STUDIES IN MINERALOGY AT ESRF SYNCHROTRON

HIGH PRESSURE STUDIES IN MINERALOGY AT ESRF SYNCHROTRON. Davide Levy European Synchrotron Radiation Facilities, BP 220 F-38043 Grenoble CEDEX, France E-mail: Levy@ESRF.FR. PRESSURE (bar) 10 -31 Non equilibrium "pressure" of hydrogen gas in intergalactic space.

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HIGH PRESSURE STUDIES IN MINERALOGY AT ESRF SYNCHROTRON

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  1. HIGH PRESSURE STUDIES IN MINERALOGY AT ESRF SYNCHROTRON Davide Levy European Synchrotron Radiation Facilities, BP 220 F-38043 Grenoble CEDEX, France E-mail: Levy@ESRF.FR

  2. PRESSURE (bar) • 10-31 Non equilibrium "pressure" of hydrogen gas in intergalactic space. • 10-22 Non equilibrium "pressure" of cosmic microwave background radiation. • 10-19 Pressure in interplanetary space. • 10-16 Best vacuum achieved in laboratory. • 10-13 Atmospheric pressure at altitude of 300 miles. • 10-10 Pressure of strong sunlight at surface of earth. • 10-7 Partial pressure of hydrogen in atmosphere at sea level. • 10-6 Best vacuum attainable with mechanical pump.-Radiation pressure at surface of sun. • 10-4 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in atmosphere at sea level. • 10-3 Vapour pressure of water at triple point of water. • 10-2 Pressure inside light bulb. • 10-1 Atmospheric pressure at summit of Mount Everest. • 1 Atmospheric pressure at sea level. • 10 Maximum pressure inside cylinder of high compression engine-Air pressure in high-pressure bicycle tyre. • 102 Steam pressure in boiler of a power plant.-Peak pressure of fist on concrete during karate strike. • 103 Pressure at greatest depths in oceans. • 104 Pressure at which mercury solidifies at room temperature.-Pressure at which graphite becomes diamond. • 105 Highest pressure attainable in laboratory before diamond anvil cell • 106 Highest pressure achieved with diamond anvil cell-Pressure at centre of Earth. • 107 Pressure at centre of Saturn. • 108 Pressure at centre of Jupiter- Radiation pressure at centre of sun. • 1010 Pressure at centre of sun. • 1016 Pressure at centre of red-giant star- Pressure at centre of white-dwarf star. • 1025 Pressure at centre of super-dense star. • 1028 Pressure at centre of neutron star.

  3. The High Pressure mineralogy at ID9 • Instrumentation: -general features -optics -Diamond Anvil Cell -ruby fluorescence system • Mineralogical studies at HP: -Spinels -Andradite -Omphacite -Zeolite (scolecite)

  4. Principal features of ID9 • Insertion devices: 70mm Wiggler 46mm Ondulator • Optics for HP:Vertical mirror Bended Laue monochromator (Bragg-Bragg monochromator) • Beam dimension: 30x30m (typical) 15x15m (possible)

  5. Primary and Secondary Slits 1 Monochromator Slits Hutch Wall Secondary Slits 2 Beam to ID9 TR Monochromator Beamstop Front-end Mirror Storage Ring Mirror 2 Monochromator Beam to ID9 HP Absorber Beamstop Be Window Tunnel Wall Optics Hutch

  6. Hutch Wall Absorber Laue Monochromator Cleaning Slits Beamstop H & V Slits H & V Slits DAC Image Plate Fluorescence Shield Experimental Hutch

  7. Monochromator Bender White Beam Cooling water Laue Bended Monochromator

  8. Diamond Anvil Cell (2)

  9. Diamond Anvil Cell (3) Gas in Gas out

  10. Diamond Anvil Cell (1)

  11. Ruby Laser Spectrometer Pressure Determination

  12. Spinel at HP (1)

  13. Spinel at HP (2)

  14. Spinel at HP (3) ZnFe2O4 HP-Phase Fe3O4 HP-Phase(Fei et al. 1999)

  15. Andradite at HP (1)

  16. Andradite at HP (2)

  17. Omphacite-P2/n at HP (1)

  18. Omphacite at HP (2)

  19. Zeolites at HP

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