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Emotions

Emotions. “I’m just so…… “. Emotions. Whole Organism responses, involving: Physiological Activation Expressive Behaviors Conscious Response

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Emotions

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  1. Emotions “I’m just so…… “

  2. Emotions • Whole Organism responses, involving: • Physiological Activation • Expressive Behaviors • Conscious Response You check the caller I.D. when you get home, and you see a missed call. You were hoping someone would call you, and when you don’t see their name… You’re immediately sad. Or if you do see their name… You’re Happy!

  3. 3 Shifts in Emotion • Physiological Activation • Good news: Increased Heart Rate • Consoling a Friend: Decreased Heart Rate • Expressive Behavior • Smile and jumping up and down • Losing smile when you get bad news, or put your arm around your friend • Conscious Experience • Interpretations: Interpreting what it means when you make the team, but also interpreting how your friend feels being left out.

  4. Historical Approaches

  5. Common Sense Theory • Emotion arousing stimulus leads to a conscious feeling (fear or sadness) and a physiological response • Seeing this spider triggers feelings of fear and physical responses such as trembling. Also, seeing a scary dog triggers the same feeling of fear and physical responses. • Emotion beforephysiology

  6. James-Lange Theory • William James and Carl Lange • An emotion-arousing stimulus in the environment triggers a physiological reaction. • Physiology before emotion

  7. Cannon-Bard Theory • Walter Cannon and Phillip Bard • Disagreed with James-Lange • An emotion Arousal stimulus simultaneously triggers both a physiological response and an experience to emotion. • At the same time!

  8. Theories of Emotion:Cognition and Emotion

  9. Cognitive Appraisal • One’s Thoughts about a given situation • How a person interprets a situation in the environment. • Two-Factor Theory: • Emotions involve two factors: • Physiological Arousal • A cognitive label of the arousal • Also called Singer-Schachter theory

  10. Robert Zajonc • Does not agree with the two-factor theory. • Made the suggestion that maybe not all emotions involved thinking. • Some emotions skip the thinking part of the brain • Amydala: Emotion Centerfor the Brain • Example: Snake! Run, thenthink

  11. Richard Lazerus • Believes some emotions do not require conscious thought. • There must be a minimum of unconscious thought involved • Example: Hear Snake, then freak out, jump, then figure out what to do….

  12. Paths To Emotional Responses(Pretty Important)Zajonc, Schachter, and Lazerus all agree that our appraisal and labeling of events determines our emotional responses.

  13. Fear …. Dot net?

  14. Autonomic Nervous System • Coordinates our response to dangerous situations. • One of the divisions in the Peripheral Nervous System • Controls the glands and muscles of the internal organs. • Monitors autonomic functions: • Breathing, blood pressure, and digestive processes. • Divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

  15. Divisions of the Nervous System

  16. Sympathetic vs. Parasympathetic • Sympathetic Nervous System • Part of the Autonomic Nervous System. • Arouses the body to deal with perceived threats. • “Fight or Flight Response” • Parasympathetic Nervous System • Part of the Autonomic Nervous System. • Calms the Body • Brings the body back down to a relaxed state.

  17. Divisions of the Nervous System

  18. Autonomic Nervous System

  19. Non-Verbal Communication It’s written all over their face!

  20. Non-Verbal Communication • Communicating feelings without words. • Facial expressions • Mean face, happy face, sad face • Tone of Voice • Mom’s disappointing voice, girlfriend/boyfriend and sarcasm, friends and sighing • Hand gestures • The good ole bird, shaking a fist, etc. • BODY LANGUAGE is also what non-verbal communication is called.

  21. The Expression of Emotion:Gender and Cultural Effects on Emotion How do gender and culture affect our ability to express our emotions and read the emotions of others?

  22. Gender Effects: • Women are better at reading nonverbal communication of emotions • Women tend to express emotions more than men do. • What are your opinions on this one ladies? Gents? • Display Rules: • Cultural rules governing how and when a person may express emotion. • Rules greatly vary from culture to culture. • Facial Expressions: • Paul Eckman studied facial expressions. • Why? To determine if they were inborn or culturally based.

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