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Osmoregulation

Osmoregulation. During Shaking. Before. After. During Shaking. Before. After. Fish in Fresh Water. Consequences. 1. Water and salt movements screw up salt concentrations in fish blood -Nerves quit functioning: Na, K, Cl -Muscles quit functioning: Na, K, Cl 2. Osmotic pressure !.

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Osmoregulation

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  1. Osmoregulation

  2. During Shaking Before After

  3. During Shaking Before After

  4. Fish in Fresh Water

  5. Consequences 1. Water and salt movements screw up salt concentrations in fish blood -Nerves quit functioning: Na, K, Cl -Muscles quit functioning: Na, K, Cl 2. Osmotic pressure !

  6. 8.5g salt /l Bang ! Water Salt Cell moved to fresh water Cell a few moments later Cell in blood

  7. Salt Salt Water Cell in salty water Cell in blood

  8. Freshwater Fish

  9. Freshwater Bony Fish Blood Water Salt

  10. How do you get the ions to go where you want them to?

  11. Use energy to pump them !!

  12. Out Cl+ Na+ Cl+ Na+ Cell membrane ADP + P + Energy Pump ATP Inside Na+ Cl+

  13. Pumps Foundin the gills

  14. Chloride Cells Gill Filament Lamellae Chloride cells pump ions into FW fish

  15. What happens if we pump a whole bunch of charged ions around?

  16. Make a Trade ! + +

  17. + Trade Goods Digestion Protein Energy + Ammonia (Ammonia is NH3)

  18. NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH- Ammonium ions Hydroxide ions Ammonia Water

  19. NH4+ NH4+ NH4+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Chloride Cell Chloride Cell Chloride Cell Gill

  20. - Trade Goods Sugar + Oxygen Energy + Carbon Dioxide + Water Or... C6H12O6 + 6O2 Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O

  21. CO2 + H2O HCO3- + H+ Carbon Dioxide Water Bicarbonate Ions Hydrogen Ions

  22. Chloride Cell HCO3- Cl- Chloride Cell HCO3- Cl- Chloride Cell HCO3- Cl- Gill

  23. Cl- Na+ K+ HCO3- NH4+ Ca++ Gill

  24. What about the water ?

  25. Introto KidneyFunction

  26. Efferent Artery Afferent Artery Capillary Tuft Glomerulus Bowman’s Capsule Tubule Filtrate

  27. Molecules too large to pass through the walls of the capillary usually stay in the blood.

  28. A small undesirable molecule is allowed to escape

  29. A large undesirable molecule is actively secreted into the tubule

  30. A small but desirable molecule is recovered in the tubule

  31. In FW Fish • Fish gain water and loose salt • Kidney • Makes a lot of dilute urine • Gills (chloride cells) • Sodium in for Ammonium out • Chloride in for Bicarbonate out • Calcium and potassium in

  32. Marine Fish

  33. Saltwater Bony Fish Water Salt

  34. Marine Fish Gain salt, Loose water

  35. Which Salts Will Enter?

  36. Na+ K + Cl - Ca++ Mg ++ SO4 -- Seawater ions

  37. Na+ K + Cl - Ca++ Mg ++ SO4 -- Seawater ions Monovalent Divalent

  38. Cl- Na+ K+ Gill

  39. To get rid of divalent ions… Marine Fish Kidney No glomerulus Mg++, Ca++, and SO4-- ions secreted into urine by tubule cells.

  40. What about water loss?

  41. For water, fish drink. Stomach Intestine Esophogus Seawater Marine Fish Stomach

  42. Water H2O Sodium Na+ Potassium K+ Chloride Cl- To Blood Calcium Ca++ Magnesium Mg++ Seawater Intestine To Feces

  43. In Ocean Fish • Fish loose water and gain salt • Drink Water • Kidney • Makes small amount of concentrated urine • Secretes divalent ions • Gills (chloride cells) • Sodium out • Chloride out • Potassium out

  44. Sharks

  45. Saltwater Shark Water =Trimethylamine oxide (TMO) and Urea Salt

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