System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

1. System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) -Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a process used by a systems analyst to develop an information system, including requirements, validation, training, and user ownership (stakeholder). -Any SDLC should result in a high quality system that meets or exceeds customer expectations, reaches completion within time and cost estimates, works Effectively and Efficiently in the current and planned Information Technology Infrastructure, and is inexpensive to maintain and cost-effective to enhance.

2. -A Systems Development Life Cycleadheres to important phases that are essential for developers, such as Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation and Maintenance. -A number of system development life cycle models have been created: waterfall, fountain, spiral, build and fix, rapid prototyping, incremental, and synchronize and stabilize. The oldest of these, and the best known, is the waterfall model: a sequence of stages in which the output of each stage becomes the input for the next.

3. SDLC PHASES • Planning • Analysis • Design • Implementation • Maintenance

4. PLANNING Planning in organizations and public policy is both the organizational process of creating and maintaining a plan; and the psychological process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired goal on some scale. As such, it is a fundamental property of intelligent behavior. This thought process is essential to the creation and refinement of a plan, or integration of it with other plans, that is, it combines forecasting of developments with the preparation of scenarios of how to react to them. An important, albeit often ignored aspect of planning, is the relationship it holds with forecasting. Forecasting can be described as predicting what the future will look like, whereas planning predicts what the future should look like.

5. SYSTEM ANALYSIS • There are three crucial steps in the system analysis phase : • Understanding The Old System • Identifying How The Old System Can Be Improved • Developing Specifications For The New System. • It’s important to know that the Analysis Phase addresses what will be done for the new system NOT how it will be accomplished ,later the Design Phase will focus on how the goals of the Analysis Phase will be accomplished .

7. DESIGN In contrast to the analysis phase; the Design Phase addresses how the system will accomplish the objectives. During the Design Phase, each portion of the new system is designed in detail, including the user interface, data structure and the program design. The design phase often ends with a prototype.

9. IMPLEMENTATION One of the crucial steps in the Implementation Phase is converting from the old system to the new system, there are four types of Conversion Methods: -Parallel Conversion : Both old system and new system are used while the new system is being tested. -Pilot Conversion : A small group of people use the new system, while the rest of the organization continues to use the old system. -Phased Conversion : The organization switches from the old system to the system one component at a time. -Plunge : It entails switching the entire organization from the old system to the new system

11. MAINTENANCE Once the new system is in place, the work does not stop; the Maintenance Phase continues until the system is no longer in place. During this phase, the system is monitored to ensure that it’s working properly and is meeting the goals established during the Analysis Phase, if any errors or bugs are found, they’re fixed in the maintenance phase, in addition the system may be modified to accommodate new needs that arise. If the new need can’t be met by the original system, the cycle starts over to design a significant modification to the system or to implement a new system, it continues until the new system is in place that meets the needs of its users

13. SDLC Strengths & Weaknesses