'How to make money using AFR despite rising prices’

1. 'How to make money using AFR despite rising prices’ • Wim M.G.M. Heldens • Manager Sustainable Projects • IC&C B.V. • Independent Clinker & Cement Consultancy GFC Aachen IC&C

2. Mission IC&C: Make Money From Sustainability! Sustainable Development Max Alternativefuels / mat. Emissions Energy Profit Min Strategy IC&C Maintain Quality and production level GFC Aachen IC&C

3. Prices Cement Mature Markets: The cement price in the USA is the same as in 1900. GFC Aachen IC&C

4. Prices Oil and Coal The prices of primary fuels oil and coal are rising steadily. As you see coal still is feasible and compatible as fuel GFC Aachen IC&C

5. Prices Fuels The prices of all AFR are rising. GFC Aachen IC&C

6. Prices of (existing) AFR are rising • Conclusion: • Prices of cement are not rising • Production costs are getting higher • Gap between sales and costs is getting smaller • If you have the possibilities, look for other materials with lower costs which increases profit! • Use profitable alternative AFR’s! GFC Aachen IC&C

7. Key performance data 2008 Best Practice Plant:Dutch Cement Maastricht (The roots of IC&C) • 95% alternative fuels • 50 % biomass • Fuel price < 2 €, $ 2.80 / ton clinker(normally 12 €, $17 / ton clinker!) • 700 kg CO2 / ton clinker (normally 820 kg CO2 / ton) • CO2 reduction 20% achieved by biomass • NOx reduction 50% by SNCR urea • SO2 reduction 80% GFC Aachen IC&C

8. Use profitable alternative AFR’s, but only if..!! • You may do it: • You have the right licenses for using AFR • If not: make it possible • You cando it: • You have the technical possibilities • Right place to dose in the kiln • Right installations to handle and dosing • Right organization • If not create the technical possibilities • You want it: • The profit should be high enough • Alt. Fuels: give Heat and if good priced money: €/GJ • Alt. Raw Materials: give money: €/ton (+ €/GJ) GFC Aachen IC&C

9. If going into AFR; Control: • Transport • EVOA procedures • Licenses • Bank guaranties • Licenses for the usage • Local government/authorities, licensensor • Unions • Information to own workers • Safety aspects • material handling and safety sheets • instructions March 2012 GFC Aachen IC&C 9

10. IC&C some recent examples • 2011 • Sludge: € 3.2 million in 3 month in one shot • 2011 • Industrial Oil: € 0,9 million per year • 2012 • Industrial Fluid: € 0,4 million per year • 2012 Under testing GFC Aachen IC&C

11. IC&C offers support • AFR network: • Searches and screens the right materials for your kiln • IC&C is not a cement work, but IC&C knows how it works and what is possible • IC&C operates fully independent • Knowledge about the allowed chemistry • Knowledge about how and where to use the material • Checking where it can be put into the kiln • Make the economical plan / feasibility study • Go new ways…. Make it possible… !? • Continuation of reliable operation • Restriction often are emissions • Emission limitations such as Mercury /Smell / NOx abatement GFC Aachen IC&C

12. IC&C Mercury / smell abatement 1 Modular adsorption system consisting of several containers • Proven technology: e.g. Waste Incinerators: AVR/VAM, new in cement • Each container can be individually switched on • Easy change out of carbon due to top loading • By-pass can be (partially) operated in case of clean fuel (e.g. low Hg) • Used carbon will be recycled Mercury / smell filter 5 Adsorptie containers containers containers E filter filter E filter kiln IC&C IC&C GFC Aachen IC&C

13. IC&C Mercury / smell abatement 2 Size and costs • At ~300.000 Nm3/hr T~130 oC • Each container will be 12 x 2,5 x 3,5 meters • Per container 25 % reduction • Approximately installed cost per container: 200 kEUR • Low operating costs: € 30.000 / container/year • Total space requirement for 5 units is about 20 m x 20 m GFC Aachen IC&C

14. IC&C Uptake mercury, smell and dioxins abatement GFC Aachen IC&C

15. urea kiln inlet air IC&C DeNOx • Burner performance optimization; primary measure • SNCR in long kilns by injection of urea granulate (3 mm) • Result: 60% reduction of NOx • DeNOx by Flame cooling, without increasing fuel consumption IC&C DeNOx GFC Aachen IC&C

16. IC&C New dryer technology PAD • PAD Pulverised Air Dryer: Biovalor • Is a non thermal separator of liquid and solid components • No heat required: 100-140 kWh/ton water • Pulverises material up to 50 mm to ~ 45 um • Dries any material from 90% to < 10% moisture content • Waste water treatment is necessary • Reduction of emissions comparing to thermal drying GFC Aachen IC&C

17. IC&C: Who can we support • AFR • Plant managers who want to increase profitability • Plants who want to increase sustainability whilst maintaining good performance • Process & Environmental issues • Integrating New Technology and sustainability • Decreasing Emissions • Decreasing Smell • Drying and grinding of Biomasses etc. • Cement plants who want to use wet materials GFC Aachen IC&C

18. Thank you for your attention. Questions? GFC Aachen IC&C