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Tobacco, Alcohol & Drugs

Tobacco, Alcohol & Drugs. Mr. Vecchio Health 2013. Pretest Questions. 1.) If you smoke cigarettes your risk of cardiovascular disease increases. 2.) Name two effects of smoking on your cardiovascular system? 3.) What is the addictive ingredient in tobacco?

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Tobacco, Alcohol & Drugs

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  1. Tobacco, Alcohol & Drugs Mr. Vecchio Health 2013

  2. Pretest Questions • 1.) If you smoke cigarettes your risk of cardiovascular disease increases. • 2.) Name two effects of smoking on your cardiovascular system? • 3.) What is the addictive ingredient in tobacco? • 4.) Smoking can cause blood vessels to dilate. • 5.) Over the last 10 years, teen smoking rates have decreased.

  3. The Effects of Tobacco • #1 Cause of preventable death in the U.S. (400,000 early deaths/year) • Addictive Drug- substance that causes physical and psychological dependence • Carcinogen- cancer causing • 82% of smokers try 1st cigarette by age 18

  4. Nicotine • Stimulant- Increases actions of the nervous system, heart, and other organs • Constricts blood vessels  Elevates blood pressure • Antidiuretic- Retain fluid, cramps, colder body temperature

  5. Health Effects-short • Dulled taste buds • Bad breath, smelly clothes • Brain chemistry

  6. Health Effects-long • Emphysema- Air sacs become less elastic making breathing difficult • Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, Stroke=3X greater • Damage to the cilia in the bronchi (allows tar to build up)

  7. What’s in a cigarette??

  8. Daily Smoking Chart

  9. Smokeless Tobacco • Chew and Snuff (ads banned from radio and TV) • Delivers nicotine 2-3X faster than cigarettes • Leukoplakia- white spots on the mouth which cause cancer

  10. Smokeless Tobacco

  11. 2007 Youth Survey • Peers #1 influence • Family members who smoke have children 3X more likely to smoke • Appear mature, desirable, social calling

  12. Quitting • Set a day and replace it with another activity (exercise) • Choose supportive friends, set realistic time goals • Step down gradually • S.T.O.P.

  13. ETS • Second hand smoke composed of smoke from a smokers lungs (mainstream) and (sidestream) smoke from the end of a cigarette • 3,000=lung cancer from secondhand smoke/year • 60% of all SIDS cases are tobacco related

  14. Types of Ads • “Proof Of”- States facts. May point out a certain mg of tar as proof. • “Emotional”- Appeals to emotions through glamour. Shows models or couples together smoking. • “Comparison”- Companies compare products. Filter vs. non-filter, two-pack comparison • “Medical/Health”- Emphasizes low tar/nicotine claiming it is a better product or there are benefits to smoking them. • “Bandwagon”- Convinces consumers that everyone is using the product. • “Glamour”- Famous people or glamorous situations like athletes using smokeless tobacco.

  15. Alcohol • Ethanol- type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages. • Natural/Fermentation • Depressant- slows the CNS (heart rate, pressures) • Binge Drinking- 5 or more in one sitting • Peers #1 influence

  16. B.A.C. • Amount of alcohol in the blood expressed by a % (i.e. .10 means 1/10 of 1% of fluid in blood is alcohol) • .08 is the BAC level for Colorado

  17. B.A.C. Charts

  18. Factors that Influence Intoxication • Type of Drink • Beer 4%, Wine 12%, Liquor 45% • Proof- twice the percentage of alcohol • Amount Consumed • Liver processes ½ ounce alcohol per hour (1 beer/hour) • Time Elapsed Between Drinks • If liver can metabolize, little effect is felt 

  19. Factors cont’d • Body Weight • 200 lb man vs. 100 lb man • Woman vs. Men  • Stomach Contents • Empty vs. Full • Previous Experience • Modify behaviors/ Overcompensate

  20. Health Triangle • PhysicalMentalSocial

  21. Alcoholism • Total dependence on alcohol (genetic?) • 1/3 of all suicides • 6 million adults in US have disease

  22. Stages of Alcoholism • Warning Stage • Increased tolerance to alcohol • Preoccupation with drinking (drink alone) • Embarrassing behavior • Sneaking drinks 

  23. Stages cont’d • Crucial Stage • Loss of control over how much one drinks • Guilt feelings about drinking • Rationalization of behavior • Empty promises

  24. Stages cont’d • Chronic Stage • Total dependence • Health consequences arise and intensify • Continue drinking to prevent withdrawal

  25. Effects on the Body • Brain • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome-birth defects • Lungs • Alcohol slows respiration  • Stomach • Gastric juice release • Causes ulcers • Aspirin consumption causes hemorrhaging

  26. Effects cont’d • Liver • Cirrhosis   • Small Intestine • Absorption occurs here • Cardiovascular System • Blood vessels dilate giving the warmth feeling • Body temperature decreases  • Kidney • Increased urine • Dehydration of body cells

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