Biology January 31 st

1. Biology January 31st Get out your annotated Blue People article! Reminders: • DNA Genetics Internet Activity due tomorrow!!

2. Blue People of Troublesome Creek Complete the following tasks with your group: • Create a list of the words you do NOT know • Shade the circles and squares of the people who are blue in the pedigree • Answer the following questions: • What made some members of the Fugate family blue? • Who diagnosed the disorder? • Why did the Fugates marry into their own family? • What two industries brought progress to KY?

3. Question of the Day! • Why don’t you look like the person sitting next to you? (be specific!)

4. Why do you look like that? Genetics = Study of Heredity Passing of genes, or traits, from parent to offspring

5. Genes • Segments of DNA on chromosomes that determine specific traits • Two forms of every gene! • Called alleles • Represented by capitol or lowercase letters • Ex: H or h (same letter, different form) • Alleles make up your genotype • Genes determine your physical appearance!

6. Traits • Inherited Characteristics • Observable Traits = Phenotype Physical Characteristics Ex: Hair color, eye color, freckles, dimples, right-handed

7. Traits Continued • Dominant Trait = will always be seen when a copy of the allele is present • Represented by capitol letter • Ex: Right-handed (H) • Recessive Trait = hidden when the dominant allele is present • Represented by lower case letter • Ex: Left-Handed (h)

8. Genotype • The genes that are present in an individual • Represented by 2 letters! • Homozygous: 2 of the same alleles or genes • Homozygous dominant: 2 dominant alleles • Ex: HH • Homozygous Recessive: 2 recessive alleles • Ex: hh • Heterozygous: 2 alleles that are opposite • One dominant and one recessive • Ex: Hh

9. Happy Friday!! • Turn in your DNA Genetics Internet Activity • Get out your Genetics Practice Problems from Thursday, as well as your notes Genetics Quiz TUESDAY!!

10. Practice #1 AA ___________ Bb ___________ Cc ___________ DD ___________

11. Practice #2 Green peas are dominant to yellow peas GG _____________ Gg _____________ gg _____________

12. Practice #3 Straight hair is dominant to curly. _________ Straight _________ straight (heterozygous) _________ curly

13. Gregor Mendel • Austrian Monk who studied genetics in pea plants

14. Punnett Squares • Used to predict the traits of offspring Mom’s genotype Possible Offspring genotypes Dad’s genotype

15. Mendel’s Experiment T = tall pea plant t = short pea plant • Parent Generation: TT x tt (tall) (short)

16. Mendel’s Experiment T = tall pea plant t = short pea plant • First Generation: Tt x Tt (tall) (tall)

17. More Practice Use the punnett square on #2 to answer the following question: If you crossed a heterozygous short haired guinea pig with a long haired guinea pig, what percentage of the offspring would have long hair?

18. In hobbits, hairy toes (H) are dominant to smooth toes(h). Cross a homozygous hairy toed hobbit with a heterozygous hairy toed hobbit.

19. In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers(p). Cross 2 homozygous purple flower plants.

20. In guinea pigs, brown hair (B) is dominant to spotted hair (b). Cross 2 heterozygous brown guinea pigs.

21. Widow’s peak (W) is dominant to a smooth hairline (w). Cross a woman who is homozygous for widow’s peak with her husband, who has a smooth hairline.

22. In Rasatafarians, dreadlocks are dominant to baldness. Cross a female who’ s bald with her husband, who is homozygous for dreads.