Motives to achieve

1. Motives to achieve

2. Goal must be specific • Be specific about what you are going to do and when you are going to do it. • The goal must be challenging but achievable • You are likely to work hard for difficult, but realistic goals that are gratifying. Easy goals pose no challenge, impossible goals are unattainable. When goals are Motivational

3. The goal should be framed in terms of getting what you want instead of avoiding what you do not want. • Approach goals – positive experiences you seek. • Avoidance goals – escaping from unpleasant experiences. • When people frame goals that are specific, achievable, and on approach terms they: • Feel better about themselves • Feed more competent • Are more optimistic and less depressed • Have fewer colds and other physical symptoms When goals are motivational

4. Goals framed in terms of performing well in front of others, being judged favorable, and avoiding criticism. When they do poorly, they often decide it is not their fault, and give up. Feel grief when they fail. Performance Goals

5. Goals framed in terms of increasing one’s competence and skills. Failure helps improve. Failure is not discouraging because learning takes time. Feel greater intrinsic gratification Mastery (learning) goals

6. Learn from adult praise. • Children who are praised for intelligence and ability later care more about performance goals. • More likely to give up. • Children who are praised for efforts care more about mastery goals. How children learn goal setting

7. If you expect to succeed, you will work harder to reach your goal than if you are certain you will fail. • Self-fulfilling prophecy – When a person predicts how they will do, they behave in such a way to make the prediction come true. • Value – a central motivating belief, reflecting a person’s fundamental goals and ideals. • What you value can predict how you will be motivated. expectations and values

8. Self-efficacy – the conviction that you can accomplish what you set out to do. • Acquire through • experience in learning new skills • overcoming obstacles • learning from failures. • successful role models. • Strong self-efficacy: • cope well with problems, keep striving for goals. Competence

9. A learned motive to meet personal standards of success and excellence in a chosen area. Can be measured by a test in which the test taker must make up a story based on pictures. High need for ach. - tell stories about working hard, becoming successful, clobbering competition. Need for achievement

10. Certain conditions increase work motivation: • Work is meaningful • Employees have some control • Tasks are varied • Company has clear rules • Supportive relationships • Useful feedback • Opportunities for growth Motivation and work