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United Nations Disaster Relief Operations and Stand-by Arrangements

Fernando Hesse OCHA Jakarta. United Nations Disaster Relief Operations and Stand-by Arrangements. The Asia-Pacific context. Since 2000, 73% of fatalities from natural disasters occurred in Asia and the Pacific >99% of all wave / surge deaths (inc. 2004 tsunami)

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United Nations Disaster Relief Operations and Stand-by Arrangements

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  1. Fernando Hesse OCHA Jakarta United Nations Disaster Relief Operations and Stand-by Arrangements

  2. The Asia-Pacific context • Since 2000, 73% of fatalities from natural disasters occurred in Asia and the Pacific • >99% of all wave / surge deaths (inc. 2004 tsunami) • 97% of all deaths from earthquakes • 64% of all deaths from flooding • 57% of all deaths from wind storms • The 2004 tsunami accounted for 37% of all recorded fatalities from natural disasters since 2000 • While the actual number of disasters is steadily increasing, they are also affecting more people • 90 million people affected in 1990 • 255 million people affected in 2003 UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  3. Earthquakes and tropical storms UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  4. ON STATION CSG AIRFIELDS IN BOUND OUT BOUND Tsunami - US Military Personnel 19,500 Air Assets 3 C-17 (USTRANSCOM) 2 C-5 (USTRANSCOM) 2 KC-130 2 P-3 4 C-2 13 fixed- wing (+52 TACAIR ALSG) 36 Helos Ships 6 USN 3 MPS 3 USNS Logistics 1 Survey Ship 1 HSV CHINA Logistics Ships SAN JOSE (T-AFS) TIPPECANOE (T-AO) NOTE: USNS RAiNIER w/ALCSG Kadena 2 KC-135 on alert INDIA Futenma 2 KC-130 2 P-3, 1 C-21 CSF-536 WESTPAC EXPRESS (HSV) THAILAND Utapao PHILIPPINES 2 HH-60 PLESS (MPS) ESSEX (LHD) 4 MH-53, 4 MH-60, 2 LCU 5 CH-46 SRI LANKA Phuket Colombo Langkawi TIPPECANOE (T-AO) CONCORD (T-AFS) 2 MH-60 MALDIVES A LINCOLN CSG CSG-I Singapore Medan SWIFT (HSV) FORT MCHENRY (LSD) 3 CH-46 3 LCAC LUMMUS (MPS) BONNYMAN (MPS) MERCY (T-AH) 4 X C-2 INDONESIA Jakarta MCDONNELL (T-AGS) Diego Garcia SAN JOSE (T-AFS) 2 MH-60 ALCSG LINCOLN (CVN) (10 x SH-60) SHILOH (CG) (2 X SH-60) SHOUP (DDG) (2 X SH-60) BENFOLD (DDG) RAINIER (T-AOE) (2 x MH-60) Maritime Prepo Ships PLESS, LUMMUS, BONNYMAN

  5. Tsunami - Non-US Military INDIA C-130 x 1 Ships x 7 Helos x 3 Fixed Wing x 2 U-tapao Forensic Team C-130 x 2 Ships x 2 Helos x 3 Med Team Eng Team Ships x 3 LST/AOE/DD CH-47 x 3 UH-60 x 2 SH-60 x 2 Med Team 1 x DVI Team Helos x 1 Fixed wing x 1 MP Team Ships x 1 Helos x 1 Eng Team Helos x 4 Med Team Field Hosp Eng Team x 2 ALT x 2 C-130 x 1 LST to SL ETD: 29 Jan Khao Lak SRI LANKA HH-60 x 2 Field Hospital 211 pax Field Hospital Colombo Field Hospital Eng Team C-160 x 2 Helos x 5 Aceh Ship x 1 C-130 x 2 Helos x 2 Med Team Eng Team C-130 x 1 Water System Medan Helos x 2 LST: RTHP Hospital Ship Helos x 2 Ship x 1 Helo x 1 Meulaboh DART Team ROWPU x 4 Med Team Eng Team C-130 x 1 Ships x 2 K.L. LPA – CJTF 629 Helos x 2 Helos x 1 Male C-130 x 2 Ships X 2 Med Team Eng Team C-130 x 2 Ships x 2 Eng Team C-130 x 5 CH-47 x 3 Med Team Ships x 1 Helos x 1 LST x 2 C-130 x 6 B-707 x 1 UH-1 x4 INDONESIA AUS BRN DEU IND MYS PAK RNZAF B-757 in region AUT CAN JPN NOR FRA PRC Darwin SGP NZL CHE KOR BGD GBR 2 x C-130

  6. OCHA’s role • In 1991, GA adopted Resolution 46/182 to strengthen the UN response to complex emergencies and natural disasters under DHA in UN Secretariat • The USG heading OCHA is also designated the UN ERC • OCHA’s Core Functions are: • Advocacy of humanitarian issues • Coordination of humanitarian emergency response • Policy development, to ensure that all humanitarian issues are addressed • For in-country emergency preparedness and response coordination, OCHA works through the office of the UN RC / HC and with the IASC CT • Engagement with other key actors at HQ, regional, national and field level UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  7. OCHA tools and services • OCHA supports the UN system and broader humanitarian community: • UNDAC, INSARAG, OSOCC • Flash Appeals, Consolidated Appeals (CAPs), financial tracking system (FTS) • The Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) • Supporting Humanitarian Coordinators (HCs) • Cluster/sector coordination • Information Management (IM) • Information services –ReliefWeb, IRIN • Public Information/Advocacy • Civil-military coordination • Early warning • Contingency planning UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  8. Levelsofcoordination National level International level Local Emergency Management Level

  9. OCHA’sGlobalCoordinationModel • Disaster affected country • National disaster relief coord. • Embassies • UN agencies’ reps. • National Red Cross/Crescent • National NGO’s • Others (including private) • International response • Donor governments • Inter Governmental org. • UN agencies • Red Cross/Crescent family. • International NGO’s • Others (including private) ASSISTANCE Representative of OCHA (ResReps/UNDAC) Information on needs/international response Information on needs & national response OCHA (IASC)

  10. OCHA presence in 2009 UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  11. Humanitarian Reform STRENGTHENING HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE FINANCING SECTORS LEADERSHIP PARTNERSHIPS UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  12. Strengthening Partnerships • UN and non-UN agencies • Improvement through cluster approach and CERF grant request process • Three global clusters co-led by non-UN agencies (IFRC, IOM and Save the Children) • Partnerships with national authorities • Clusters help to clarify and strengthen • The Global Humanitarian Platform UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  13. The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) • Includes: • UN agencies • Red Cross/Red Crescent Movement • IOM • World Bank • NGO Consortia UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  14. Ensuring Capacity & Predictability: The Cluster Approach UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  15. Strengthening Leadership: Humanitarian Coordinators • Effective leadership and coordination in humanitarian emergencies • HC strengthening project • HC pool of qualified leaders • Appropriate training and support system for existing and future HCs • Agreed system for designation of HCs • Review of HC terms of reference in 2008 UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  16. Predictable Humanitarian Financing • CHFs • Country level • (Sudan and DRC; replication in CAR and Ethiopia likely) • Size of funds in 2007 varied from $118m - $154m • CERF • Global • Target: $500m (both loan and grant elements) • 2008 size (so far): $480m • ERFs • Country level • (11 active funds) • Sizes of funds has varied from $500,000 to $17m • Humanitarian Pooled Funds (HC managed): UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  17. National Military Forces (National Command Channel) Local Emergency Management Agency (LEMA) Clusters Assisting International Forces International Responders Civil Military Operations Centre (CMOC) On Site Operations and Coordination Centre (OSOCC) Assisting International Forces UN Agencies, Funds & Programmes Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs) Assisting International Forces Disaster Response Coordination

  18. UN Stand-by Arrangements • Physical Arrangements Managed by OCHA’s Field Coordination Support Section: • UNDAC system, with regional teams in Africa/Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Asia-Pacific • OCHA Standby Partnerships which provide humanitarian experts for short term assignments in OCHA field offices. Registered Engineers for Disaster Relief (RedR) Australia and Austcare Australia in the Asia Pacific Region • INSARAG, with regional groupings in Africa/Europe, the Americas and Asia-Pacific. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  19. UN Stand-by Arrangements • IHP system: provides technical support modules for humanitarian missions. An Asia-Pacific Humanitarian Partnership (APHP) involving Australia, China, Japan, Korea, New Zealand and Singapore was developed in 2005 to provide similar support in this region • Virtual On Site Operations Coordination Centre (V-OSOCC) : real-time information exchange for emergency managers and provides the platform for GDACS • OCHA works closely with UN Agencies, IFRC, regional organizations and other humanitarian response partners, including the NGOs MapAction and Telecoms sans Frontières • DHL Disaster Response Team (DRT) Singapore – establish a global network of DRT to provide logistical support to response operations UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  20. UN Stand-by Arrangements Procedural/Framework Arrangements Space and Major Disasters Charter – aims to provide a unified system of space data acquisition and delivery to those affected by natural or man-made disasters through authorized users OCHA supports the development of the ARF HADR Strategic Guidelines as specifically requested to by the ASEAN Ministers in their statement following the 36th ASEAN Ministerial Meeting in Kuala Lumpur in July 2006 UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  21. UN Stand-by Arrangements Procedural/Framework Arrangements cont’d: OCHA has also supported the development of the ASEAN SASOPs and of similar ongoing initiatives within South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Pacific Island Forum (PIF) OCHA has worked closely with the Multinational Planning and Augmentation Team (MPAT) and supports the MPAT SOP process OCHA will continue to support national and multilateral efforts to strengthen the physical and procedural disaster management and response framework within the Asia Pacific Region UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

  22. QUESTIONS? UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)

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