1 / 41

CERN AWAKE Project Status Edda Gschwendtner

CERN AWAKE Project Status Edda Gschwendtner. Outline. Introduction Project organization AWAKE at CNGS AWAKE at West Area Bunch Compression Other issues Summary. Introduction. AWAKE: A Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment

zayit
Download Presentation

CERN AWAKE Project Status Edda Gschwendtner

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. CERN AWAKE Project StatusEdda Gschwendtner

  2. Outline Introduction Project organization AWAKE at CNGS AWAKE at West Area Bunch Compression Other issues Summary

  3. Introduction AWAKE: A Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment  Proof-of principle demonstration experiment proposed at SPS: • first beam-driven wakefield acceleration experiment in Europe • the first Proton-Driven PWA experiment worldwide.

  4. Introduction • June 2012: Official CERN AWAKE project: • project-budget • mandate sent by S. Myers to CERN departments • produce parts of CDR under CERN responsibility • CDR includes detailed budget, CERN manpower and schedule plans for design, construction, installation and commissioning. • Deliverables: •  End 2012:  preliminary report summarizing the ongoing study to the A&T sector Management •  Q1 2013:  Conceptual Design Report to the A&T sector Management and the SPSC.

  5. Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration  Produce an accelerator with mm (or less) scale ‘cavities’ Electron bunch Plasma cell (10m) Proton beam: drive beam (12cm) modulated in micro-bunches (1mm) after ~several meters drives the axial electric field Laser pulse: ionization of plasma and seeding of bunch-modulation Electron beam: accelerated beam injected off-axis some meters downstream along the plasma-cell, merges with the proton bunch once the modulation is developed. gas Plasma proton bunch laser pulse  Particle-in-cellsimulationspredictaccelerationofinjectedelectronstobeyond 1 GeV.

  6. AWAKE Physics and R&D Program Measure bunch-modulation of the proton beam. Learn in detail about the modulation process through comparisons of data/simulations. Use a wide variety of diagnostics(transition radiation, direct measurement of fields, spectrometer, …) to understand the process in detail. Vary a number of parameters (density, electron injection point, …) to learn dependence on parameters. Try out compressed proton bunch to understand scaling with proton bunch length  higher gradients expected. Measure parameters of accelerated electron bunch (energy spread , transverse emittance, …) and find dependence on parameters compare to simulations Use the knowledge we gain to design a new set of experiments leading to real collider application. In parallel: continue studying producing short, high-energy proton bunches. Time-scale proposed by collaboration: End 2014: Demonstrate 1% uniformity and complete operational 10m plasma cell(s)  ready for beam in 2015

  7. AWAKE Collaboration 25 institutes: Germany, UK, Portugal, USA, France, India, China, Norway, USA • Spokesperson: Allen Caldwell, MPI • Deputy spokesperson: Matthew Wing, UCL • Experimental coordinator: PatricMuggli, MPI • Plasma cell, electron diagnostics, optical diagnostics, • Electron source • Simulations coordinator: Konstantin Lotov, Budker INP • Proton/electron beam in plasma cell • Accelerator coordinator: Edda Gschwendtner, CERN • CERN AWAKE Project Leader  See next slide

  8. CERN AWAKE Project Structure A& T sector management: Engineering, Beams, Technology Departments CERN AWAKE Project Project leader: Edda Gschwendtner Deputy: Chiara Bracco Injectors and Experimental Facilities Committee (IEFC) WP4: Experimental Area Edda Gschwendtner WP1: Project Management Edda Gschwendtner WP3: Primary beam-lines Chiara Bracco WP2: SPS beam Elena Chapochnikova Radiation Protection: Helmut Vincke Civil Engineering: John Osborne General Safety and Environment: Andre Jorge Henriques General Services: CV, EL, access, storage, handling

  9. Mandate of CERN AWAKE Project • Identify the best site (West Area or CNGS) for installation of the facility on the SPS by carrying out a study covering: • The design of the proton beam-line from the SPS to the entry point of the plasma cell, to meet the required parameters. • The design of the downstream beam-line from the plasma cell to the beam dump. • The design the common beam-line for the proton, electron and laser light beam at the entry into the plasma cell. Specification of the parameters for these incoming beams. • The design of the experimental area (envelope) considering layout optimization of all components in the area. • The study of access possibilities and assess radiation and safety aspects. • The study of the general infrastructures (Civil Engineering, Access, CV, EL, transport, handling, control). • The physics program that could be carried out on each site. • The comparison of the cost and of the schedule of the alternative sites. • Based on the study, recommend a site for the facility and deliver the chapters, covering the beam line, the experimental area and all interfaces and services at CERN, in the conceptual design report (CDR) of the AWAKE CERN facility. The CDR should include the points mentioned in the section above plus the following information: • Specification of the baseline beam parameters to be used for the design. • Predictions of measurable quantities in the diagnostic instrumentation. • Specification of diagnostic instrumentation in the experimental area. • Design and interface with the electron beam up to the plasma cell. • Study all interfaces between the different systems (plasma cell, electron beam, proton beam, laser…) • Evaluation of time scale and costs of all items at a level needed for the CDR. • Evaluate dismantling feasibility and cost.

  10. Proton Beam Specifications • Relaxed proton beam requirements for the first years of run • However, long-term goal is to get shorter longitudinal beams • Bunch-compression • Continue MDs!

  11. Beam Specifications Electron beam specifications Laser: 30fs, 800nm, ~TW. R & D facility:  frequent access to plasma cell, laser, etc… needed.

  12. Experimental Layout Laser e- spectrometer RF gun e- Proton beam dump 10m Plasma-cell ~3m Laser dump SPS protons OTR Streak camera CTR EO diagnostic 10m 15m 20m >10m

  13. SPS CNGS West Area

  14. Facility Site I: CNGS

  15. CNGS To compare with AWAKE: 0.03 Hz cycle repetition rate 3E11 protons per cycle 4.9E16 protons/year • CNGS is a running facility since 2006 at the desired beam parameters. • + Underground facility! • Proton beam and secondary beam-line fully equipped and running • All services (CV, EL, access, …) in place and used

  16. CNGS – AWAKE Facility • AWAKE experimental facility at CNGS upstream the CNGS target: • Separate CNGS target area from upstream area: • Add shielding wall • Allows to cool-down target/horn • Keep flexibility in case CNGS would restart • Use hadron stop as beam dump (120 m) Access Gallery Service gallery Storage gallery TSG41 Target chamber Proton beam line TT41 Junction chamber Target Horn

  17. CNGS – Proton Beam Line Chiara Bracco Present Layout 1 QTS removed X X 1 QTG removed New Layout 3 QTLF 1 QTLD + 1 QTS 2 QTLD • Existing SPS extraction, no changes needed. • Magnets exist • Beam instrumentation exists (some modifications/cabling) • Minor changes at the end of the proton-line for: • New final focusing • Interface between Laser and proton beam

  18. CNGS - Laser Integration with p-Beam Chiara Bracco Laser Last MBG • Laser mirror: • 20 m upstream entrance plasma cell • 12.5 m upstream of last MBG •  30.7 mm offset between proton and laser beam at mirror • needed clearance: 23mm OK! • Aperture along the line: OK •  No conflict with integration studies! Proton Beam Last QTL

  19. CNGS – AWAKE Facility Shieldingwall RF gun+space for handling RF Gun cooling Klystron LaserRF Gun Primary pump laser SAS Power supply Optic table Laser for seeding TI:sapphire camera El. Spect. magnet SAS OTR screen Plasma Cell Optic table DIPOLE Ans Pardons Damien Brethoux Vincent Clerc Laserdiagnostic Junction laser system and proton Power supply laser

  20. CNGS – Infrastructure Dominique Missiaen RuiNunes, Silvia Grau DavideBozzini Michele Battistin  With today’s beam-line and experimental area design (+needs from equipment)  start studies on services infrastructure  estimates expected by end Dec 2012! • Survey: • 1-2 months, ~60kCHF • Access, fire, safety system: • Exists, modifications needed • Existing access could be moved down the tunnel to create ‘control room area’ in access gallery. • Electricity • Infrastructure exists, modification needed • Cooling and Ventilation • Infrastructure exists, modifications needed: • E.g.: overpressure and temperature controlled service gallery

  21. CNGS – RP Considerations Helmut Vincke • Control room in CNGS access gallery possible, but needs • Dose rate due to prompt radiation low enough • Fresh air, no radioactive air from experiment • Appropriate access system • Assess beam loss in upstream part of TT41. • Beam is dumped on hadron stop  No issue with prompt dose from muons • Installation of shielding wall between AWAKE experimental area and CNGS target area reduces dose rate inside the AWAKE area. • Assume that dose rate in AWAKE experimental area comes from CNGS target station and to lower level from surrounding activated wall. • First estimate for required wall thickness: 80cm of concrete • Collimator upstream the target must be remotely removed. • Civil engineering (drilling holes) • Activation level to be analyzed and precautions defined. • Tritium issue: • Evaporator to be installed independently of AWAKE facility, so OK.

  22. Facility Site II: West Area Proposed in LOI, 2011 TT5 183 TT4 AWAKE TT61 Beam from TCC6 - SPS Until 2004: West Area used as experimental beam facility. West Area today: Proton beam line TT61: ~empty TT4 and TT5: storage area for (radioactive) magnets  Needed during LS1

  23. West Area – Proton Beam Line Chiara Bracco Modification of TT66 8 new switching magnets TI 2 to LHC TT61 tunnel to west hall HiRadMat primary beam line (TT66) HiRadMat facility TT60 from SPS Time estimate: • New magnets and PC design: 3 years • Re-use existing equipment (inventory needed)  cabling anyhow needed  start only after LS1 • Magnets needed: • 8 MBS • 17 vertical bending magnets • 2 horizontal bending magnets • 25 Quads (18 in TT61 + 7 final focusing) • Power Converters needed: • ~ 10 units • Beam instrumentation needed: • ~15 BPMs • ~10 BTVs

  24. West Area - Radiation Constraints 100 mSv/year 10 mSv/year West hall beam on dump:  particular problem from muons Make sure that radiation levels from muons are below RP optimization criteria: CERN fence • Consequences to meet RP constraints: • For a surface installation of dump: bend beam by about 10° • or • Dump impact at ~2 m underground: tilt beam by 2°. • Build a beam-trench in TT4/TT5  civil engineering • 300 GeV beam to fit into TT61 and TT4/TT5 • + • To cope with beam losses: shielding at surface to forward and lateral direction.

  25. West Area – RP Issues Helmut Vincke CERN FENCE Muon dose rate expected for beam@dump impact at 2 m below surface at a bending angle of 2 degree (no losses at beam line considered). • 1E-3 mSv/h (contours in picture) correlates to less than 10 mSv/year. • Compliant with RP optimization limit for public for ultimate and nominal beam.  OK • Radiological situation inside West Area to be further investigated • (size of radiological classified areas, additional shielding on surface, air activation…) • New situation at 300 GeV with a beam impact at -1.4m to be studied.

  26. West Area - Civil Engineering Aspects John Osborne, Antoine Kosmicki Trench work concentrate on TT4/TT5 TT5 TT4 3.5m x 3.5m trench, 100m long ~1.1MCHF, ~10months • Technical gallery! • 18kV & 66kV power lines: backbone of the CERN grid • Installation until end 2012 66 kV power line 18kV  Dig trench only in TT5

  27. West Area – Proton Beam Line Chiara Bracco To respect all geometric and RP constraints: reduce beam energy to 300 GeV  OK for experiment b = 3.7 m  s = 200 mm: feasible! m • +Old Line • New Line • - Tunnel technical gallery dump TT4 TT61 TT5 ~2° angle Dump depth: 1.4 m m

  28. West Area – Experimental Area Ans Pardons Damien Brethoux Vincent Clerc TT4 TT5

  29. West Area – Experimental Area Ans Pardons Damien Brethoux Vincent Clerc Laser diagnostic Shielding Hi Rad MAT Primary pump laser SAS RF gun+space for handling Laser RF gun SASclean area RF Gun cooling Klystron Power supply Power supplylaser Laser for seedingTI:sapphire Rack

  30. Junction laser system and proton West Area – Experimental Area Ans Pardons Damien Brethoux Vincent Clerc OTR screen Pump turbo plasma Optictable Rack Plasma Cell Camera Sec.Beam.Diag Optictable Gallery Entry point 1.20m depth Distance floor / beam 600 mm El. Spect. Detector El. Spect. Magnet Optictable OTR screen Gallery Dump Tunnel hall E3 Gallery

  31. West Area – Beam Dump VasilisVlachoudis, ThanasisManousos • Various materials were studied in terms of temperature behavior: • Light materials (e.g. Carbon):  significantly lower temperature increase than heavy materials. • But higher hadronic interaction length:  higher muon production Simulations of H. Vincke: for carbon used as core material significant increase in muon dose at a distance of 600m from beam dump at CERN fence (different for iron as core material).  Results qualitatively confirmed by simulations from the FLUKA team.  Further input from RP: carbon would be ideal for activation issues, however, high muon production might be show stopper for the current design.

  32. West Area - Access System RuiNunes • West Area: • Need new access system of ‘primary area type’ (higher level of risk exposure and radiation classfication) • Turnstile and material access door needed, passive beam stopper, • Interlock system shared with HiRadMat and LHC (to be modified) • De-coupled from nTOFarea Existing/new beam line TT61 Access Point Access gallery for nTOF/TT61 nTOF Access Point Shielding/Civil Eng. Must leave path for access to nTOF

  33. West Area – Infrastructure Dominique Missiaen DavideBozzini Michele Battistin Silvia Grau  With today’s beam-line and experimental area design (+needs from equipment)  start studies on services infrastructure  estimates expected by end Dec 2012! • Survey : • 5 months, ~140kCHF • Electricity • Primary substation is close (200m) • Existing infrastructure old • A lot must be refurbished, renewed… • Cooling and Ventilation • Pumping system, cooling towers, piping connections • need refurbishment, redoing, some of them could maybe be used • Separate ventilation systems for proton beam-line, experimental area and dump • Safety, Fire system • To be studied.

  34. CNGS vs West Area – Incomplete!

  35. CNGS vs West Area – Incomplete!  Further Studies Needed!

  36. Bunch Compression Studies in SPS T. Argyropoulos, H. Bartosik, T. Bohl, J. Esteban Muller, A. Petrenko, G. Rumolo, E. Shaposhnikova,H. Timko • Maximum axial electric field depends on bunch-length of drive beam! • Strong interest to study bunch compression (Today SPS beam is 12cm long!) Studies ongoing 2 MDs: Bunch-rotation tests: 11 July 2012, 30 October 2012

  37. Possible Collaboration with CERN Electron source: • Eventually UK did not get the funding to build the electron source. • AWAKE Collaboration tries to find other ways • EU synergy grant (deadline January 2013) • China • Use PHIN injector as electron source? • To be clarified in next weeks. Laser: • Idea is that the laser for the electron source together with the laser for the plasma-source is provided by the experimental groups. • Will be tested with the plasma cell at institutes. • Must be well synchronized. • Collaboration with CERN useful though for installation, interface, safety,… Diagnostics: • Experimental groups provide diagnostics instrumentation, but CERN BE-BI very interested to collaborate Vacuum system: • Valves, …

  38. Summary Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration is a unique accelerator R&D experiment at CERN. Studies for the CERN AWAKE facility are advancing well • SPS beam studies • proton beam-line design • experimental area • Enough input to start infrastructure studies and design From preliminary studies • CNGS: Beam possible in 2015, when: • Only reusing proton beam-line an no major modifications are needed (e.g. dismantling of CNGS target, horns,…) • Underground area, so less RP issues • West Area: Beam not available before 2017: • New magnets, build new storage area, trench (civil engineering), new service installations,… • Surface area  RP issues Collaboration with CERN for specific issues

  39. Additional slides

  40. 1.55m 1.65m 2.65m 2.55m TAG41 5m TT41 TSG41 3.2m TCV4 TSG40 1.6m TT41 TCC4 2.6m 1.75m 2.86m E. Gschwendtner, ENTM, 20/11/2012 40

  41. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - + + + + + - + + + + + - + + + + - + - + - + + + + + - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ez Introduction Driving force: Space charge of drive beam displaces plasma electrons. Restoring force: Plasma ions exert restoring force. Proton beam  plasma wavelength lp =1mm, (for typical plasma density of np= 1015cm-3 )  also drive beam szof 1mm • But: SPS beam: rms length ofsz~12cm •  Would need bunch-compression OR • Modulate long SPS bunch to produce a series of ‘micro-bunches’ in a plasma with a spacing of plasma wavelength lp. • Strong self-modulation effect of proton beam due to transverse wakefield in plasma • Starts from any perturbation and grows exponentially until fully modulated. • Start of bunch-modulation in controlled way: strong laser pulse Nprotons/bunch sz (rms bunch length) Ez,max =  Maximal axial electric field:

More Related