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Green Infrastructure

Green Infrastructure. University of Palestine College of Applied Engineering and Urban Planning Urban design. Prepared by : Rola Abu Zanona Supervised by: Eng. Sheri . Content: . Definitions ,

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Green Infrastructure

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  1. Green Infrastructure University of Palestine College of Applied Engineering and Urban Planning Urban design Prepared by : Rola Abu Zanona Supervised by: Eng. Sheri

  2. Content: • Definitions, • Gray infrastructure • Funding • Benefits • Assets, Resource • Functions, Approach, Scale • Strategies • Principles and Approach • Landscape Profession • Case study

  3. 1- What is Green Infrastructure? • An interconnected network of green space and other environmental assets that conserves the functions of the natural ecosystem and provides associated benefits to people. (Adapted from the Conservation Fund, Ed McMahon and Mark Benedict) It can mean different things to different people.

  4. First, Let’s Define What It is “Not” It is the opposite of “gray infrastructure” and most people have a pretty good idea of what that is.

  5. 2-Elements of Gray Infrastructure Systems Include: Roadways and Other Paved Surfaces Water Supply, Treatment and Disposal Facilities. Utilities, and Communications

  6. What is Green Infrastructure?

  7. 3-A System of Hubs and Links

  8. Preservation of RiversideCorridors for People and Nature

  9. Or Natural Filtration Systems such as this InghamCounty Tollgate wetland or the installation of raingardens along Michigan Avenue

  10. GI Chronology • Victorian Parks and city fathers • Frederick Law Olmstead (Central Park etc) • Garden cities movement • 1947 Acts (green belt, national parks, AONBs) • New Towns’ movement • Ian McHarg: Design with Nature • Regional Parks • Groundwork Trust • Community forests, National forests • Ed McMahon coins the phrase “GI” • PPG17, green flag, open space strategies • Increasing use of GIS • Growth points, ecotowns, city regions • European Landscape Convention (ELC) • Regional Spatial Strategy policy (NW) • Forthcoming planning policy on GI (England)

  11. Benefits • Climate change adaptation • Climate change mitigation • Water management • Dealing with waste • Food production • Biodiversity enhancement • Economic value • Local distinctiveness • Education • Health and recreation • Stronger communities

  12. Why is Green Infrastructure Important? • A green infrastructure network supports native species, sustains natural ecological processes, maintains air and water resources, and contributes to our health and quality of life. • Conserving Green Infrastructure can produce Economic dividence for communities, businesses, and residents, as well as, provide a framework for sustainable development

  13. PLACE LIFE Quality ENVIRONMENT

  14. GI assets & resource • GI assets are: • Particular areas of land and water • Serve one or more functions of public benefit by virtue of: • Use • Location • Intrinsic value • Multi functionality • GI resource is a collective of: • open spaces, public places, rivers & coast, farmland, woodlands, natural elements & gardens.

  15. GI functions • Stimulating sport, recreation & play; • Improving health; • Sustaining biodiversity; • Protecting soil, water & natural resources; • Buffering extreme weather events • Providing a comfortable urban environment; • Creating distinctive settings; • Improving coast and water quality; • Sustaining cultural and historical places; • Stimulating business and regeneration; • Creating meeting points for cohesive societies; • Inspiring community environmental stewardship; • Maintaining productive rural landscapes.

  16. GI approach • Wide range of functions • Have a vision • Unlock maximum # of benefits • Demand more from the land • Manage conflicting demands • Retain single/limited land use functions in some areas • Ecosystem services: • Support (necessary for all – soils, photosynthesis etc) • Provision (food, fuel ..) • Regulations (air/water quality, erosion) • Culture (aesthetics, heritage, recreation)

  17. GI Scales: Neighbourhood • Street Trees / Home Zones • Roof Gardens (& Green Roofs) • Pocket Parks • Collective / Private Gardens • Urban Plazas • Village Greens • Local Rights of Way • Dedicated Gardens / Cemeteries • Institutional Open Spaces • Ponds & small woodlands • Play Areas • Local Nature Reserves Neighbourhood Scale

  18. GI Scales Town/city/district • City Parks • Urban Canals & Waterways • Green Networks • Multi-user routes • Urban Commons • Forest Parks • Country Parks / Estates • Continuous waterfront • Municipal / Cathedral Plazas • Lakes • Major recreational spaces • Landmarks & Vistas & Gateways Town / City /District Scale

  19. GI Scales: City-region • Regional Parks • Rivers & floodplains • Shoreline & Waterfront • Strategic & Long-distance Trails • Major (>100ha) woodlands • Community Forests • Open Access Sites • Landmarks & Vistas • Reservoirs • Environmental Management Initiatives • Strategic Corridors & Gateways City-regional Scale

  20. GI Scales: Strategic • Coastline Management Planning • Cross-boundary green networks (e.g. South Downs – New Forest linkages • Strategic River Catchment Plans • National Trails & Destinations • Strategic Infrastructure corridors • Sub-regional strategies • National policy statements • Behavioural & Societal Change Strategic Scale

  21. Thurrock’s GI & Green Grid + + Biodiversity Open space Green infrastructure = SPD Green grid

  22. Public Benefit • Central to the research was the area’s social, environmental and economic characteristics • Potential for GI to address the deficits and deliver benefits in relation to: • Enjoying and protecting the special qualities of the environment • Restoring/enhancing environments degraded, in decline or at risk • Community needs and aspirations • Economic prosperity • Used GIS to bring together datasets and represent spatially the areas in need and the multiple benefits

  23. Roles of landscape professionals • Multidisciplinary approach • All scales • Contributing to: • Policy guidance • Strategies • Local Development Frameworks • Character/Sensitivity studies • Development control • Environmental assessment • Masterplanning • Design and implementation • Management • Research • Facilitation & creative engagement

  24. GI Functions: definition & need • recreation – public • DEFINITION: area anyone can use without having to pay or get keys • GREATEST NEED: high population density (present & future), low population mobility, poor health, much leisure time • water storage • DEFINITION: Stores flood waters. • GREATEST NEED: upstream of urban areas intersecting flood plains • shading from sun • DEFINITION: Shading of people, buildings, and surfaces from solar radiation. • GREATEST NEED: high population density (present & future), high quality agricultural land, schools, shopping areas, visitor attractions

  25. Case study 1: River Quaggy, Lewisham, London • Sutcliffe Park was a “typical green desert” park – Quaggy flowed in culvert underneath • Regeneration and health issues • QWAG /Environment Agency used Flood alleviation scheme money to create flood storage washlands in Sutcliffe Park instead

  26. Left: 2003 before restoration Below: 2004, then 2007

  27. Economic Benefits: Lower cost flood defences. More flood storage. Increased development potential and town centre flood-proofing Health Benefits: More use of park: Biodiversity Benefits: Community Cohesion Benefits: Active Civic group

  28. Regional Centre and Inner Areas

  29. East London Green Grid River Quaggy Regional Park Opportunity

  30. Regional Centre & Inner Areas

  31. Green space TIME

  32. Thank you all

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