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Endocrine System. collection of glands that produce and secrete hormones Those hormones send messages to cells to help the organs do their jobs properly Big parts are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids , adrenals, pineal body, and the reproductive organs.
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Endocrine System • collection of glands that produce and secrete hormones • Those hormones send messages to cells to help the organs do their jobs properly • Big parts are thehypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pineal body, and the reproductive organs. • The pancreas has a big part in dealing with the endocrine system
Diabetes Insipidus • Diabetes insipidusis caused by damage to the pituitary gland • Metabolic or endocrine condition that results in losses of body fluids through urination • People with diabetes insipidus have a lower level of a hormone called vasopressin
Harm to the pituitary gland can happenfrom something as simple as a head injury, or as badas an infection or tumor • Injured pituitary gland can also be hereditary • Symptoms are- frequent, rination, fatigue, and excessive thirst • Those who suffer from diabetes insipidus dehydrated and constipated
infants with DI who not treated soon enough couldsufferfrom brain damage or developmental problems • DI in adults is oftencaused by tumors in the pituitasry or some damage to the pituitary gland
DI can be detected with a water deprivation test • It can also be diagnosed with dehydration test • DI is usually cured with desmopressin acetate- a hormone helps the individual keep the water in their body
Type II Diabetes • 90% of diabetes in the US is type 2 • More common inAfrican Americans and Native Americans • Your risk for type 2 increases as you get olde
Type 2 diabetes can be a consequence of obese and being unactive • Diet and nutrition plays a role in type 2 diabetes as well
Ex. The Pima Indians in Arizona have very high rates of type 2 diabetes, • the Pima Indians in Mexico have very low rates.
Some women are at risk for type 2 diabetes, especially those who had gestational diabetes • Type 2 diabetes could also be the result of high blood pressure and impaired glucose tolerance. • Even though genetics mostly plays a role in type 1 diabetes it is also another factor in developing type 2
the most common reason for developing type 2 diabetes is that the body does not make enough insulin or the cells completely ignore
Recently researchers have notices that type 2 diabetes is on the rise in affluent populations • They have also noticed an increase in type 2 diabetes in adolescents and children
METHODS OF TREATMENT • It is important for people with diabetes to have glycemic control, these means people with the disease usually have to test their blood at least once a day • Studies show that glycemic control can reduce the risk for more serious complications of diabetes such as, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, or diabetic neuropathy. • People who suffer from diabetes should see a physician on a regular basis • They should also have an annual dilated-eye examination because diabetes can lead to potential blindness
EXPERIMENTAL SURGERY • Aman who’s life was limited due to type 2 diabetes underwent and experimental surgery • He was the second person in the US to try it • The surgery consisted of the doctors flipping his intestines, and moving them to the top, next to his stomach. This helped the stomach produce more GLP-1. In turn it helps regulate the blood sugar • This experiment was first tried in Brazil • http://abclocal.go.com/ktrk/story?section=news/health&id=8755210
Type 1 Diabetes Insulin Dependent • Beta cells create insulin in the pancreas • Little to no insulin produced • Insulin moves sugar in blood to cells to be used as energy • No insulin means buildup of sugar in the blood (not useful) which causes the symptoms of diabetes Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the body attacks the insulin producing beta cells.
Type 1 Diabetes • No known cure • When its first triggered symptoms can be very intense (hospitalization) • Monitor blood sugar • Inject insulin several times a day • Too much insulin can make blood sugar too low
Type 1 Diabetes • Symptoms: • Extreme thirst & hunger • Fatigue • Blurred vision • Rapid weight lose • Heavy, fast breathing • Dry skin • Naseau • Lost feeling in limbs Low Blood Sugar: • Headache • Hunger • Shaking • Sweating • Weakness • Nervousness
Osteoporosis • Increases the risk of a bone fracture due to the reducing of bone mineral density. • Mainly caused by the depletion of hormones from aging, such as lower amounts of testosterone and estrogen. • Common in mostly older people, particularly women.
Cushings Disease • When the body has to much cotisol hormone in its system. • Body obesity, thin limbs • Round, red, full face • Stunt grothin children • Depression & Fatgiue • Achey • Weakness
Cushings Disease • hyperplasia of puituitarygland. Too much adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) released • ACTH production stimulates cortisol hormone release • Cortisol regulates immune system & usage of carbs, fats, proteins
Cushings Disease Treatment: • Depending on underlying problem • For a tumor, surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation • Medication to regulate the release of cortisol • ketoconazole (Nizoral), mitotane (Lysodren) and metyrapone (Metopirone)
