This Little Piggy Went to Market

1. This Little Piggy Went to Market Brian J. Payne, DVM Carthage Veterinary Service, Ltd.

2. This Pig

3. Raising the Pig • Medicine • Production • Nutrition • Construction/Engineering • Environmental Management • Employee Management • Finances and Marketing • Public Relations • Communication

4. The Market…The Global Market

5. Industry Trends • Globalization • Consolidation • Specialization • Efficiency • Technology • Information/Evidence-Based Medicine and Production

6. Global Industry • The U.S. Swine Herd and its producers rely on the export market for a large amount of their sales • Therefore, foreign countries that buy our pork are our customers • As the saying goes, “The customers are always right”

7. Global Market • Japanese Market: > $1billion in exports • A single animal violation in antibiotic in the meat may lead to a severing of this relationship for a period of time • This would lead to drastic decrease in price of pork received by U.S. producers • Japanese MRL’s require longer withdrawal periods than U.S. Withdrawal Periods

8. U.S. vs Japanese Withdrawal Periods See the Resources Section of the CD for other Withdrawal Periods

9. U.S. Export Market U.S. Pork Export, Globally Russia # is not available. It falls 6th before Taiwan USMEF, 2007

10. Consolidation NASS, USDA, 2007

11. Consolidation

12. Efficiency

13. Efficiency: an effect of Consolidation (example)

14. U.S. Distribution of Hogs NASS, USDA, 2007

15. Technology

16. Information and Evidence-Based Medicine and Production • Data Collection, Compilation and Monitoring • Basic and Applied, Lab Bench and Field • Applied Diagnostics

17. Case Study # 1

18. Case Study #1 December 5th, 2007 Visit Thirty-nine (1.6%) pigs have died last week. 34 (1.4%), previously

19. Site Layout North South Overstocked Single Stock

20. Vaccine Schedule

21. Before Entering the Barns WATER CONSUMPTION

22. Clinical Signs • There is an increase in acute mortality ranging around two to three weeks in duration. • There are fallout pigs that will become sub-standard pigs at market. • Two pigs that were seen today had skin lesions indicative of the PDNS form of circovirus. • There is diarrhea that is commonly associated with circovirus. • There are swollen legs that are commonly seen with circovirus infection. • There is a respiratory component to this disease as well.

23. Diarrhea

24. Swollen Joints and Legs

25. Pigs losing weight

26. Skin Lesions

27. Clinical Signs • There is an increase in acute mortality ranging around two to three weeks in duration. • There are fallout pigs that will become sub-standard pigs at market. • Two pigs that were seen today had skin lesions indicative of the PDNS form of circovirus. • There is diarrhea that is commonly associated with circovirus. • There are swollen legs that are commonly seen with circovirus infection. • There is a respiratory component to this disease as well.

28. Diagnostics • Histopathology:Skin - multifocally the superficial epidermal layers are ulcerated and also replaced by necrotic debris, neutrophils and fibrin. There is moderate to marked perivascular inflammation of the vessels in the superficial dermis. Spleen - multifocally, vessels are undergoing fibrinoid vascular necrosis. Kidney - multifocally, glomeruli are undergoing fibrinoid vascular necrosis. There is protein in the urinary spaces. There is interstitial nephritis with lymphocytes. Lymph node - germinal centers are replaced by granulomatous inflammation and multinucleated giant cells. Lung, jejunum, heart and liver - there are no visible lesions.

29. Diagnostics, cont. • Bacteriology: There is no significant growth from the intestine, lung or lymph node. There is no growth from the kidney, liver or skin. There are no Salmonella sp. isolated. • Molecular Diagnostics:PCR tests for PRRS virus and type 2 circovirus are positive.

30. Diagnostic Summary • Skin, perivasculitis and epidermal necrosis, consistent with PDNS. • Kidney, necrotizing glomerulitis and interstitial nephritis, consistent with PDNS. • Histiocytic and granulomatous lymphadenitis, type 2 circovirus. • PRRS virus infection. • Comments: Lesions in the tissues are consistent with PDNS and PCVAD

31. Is Vaccine Protective? • PCV2 vaccine is overall very protective • So why did it not work?

32. Actual Vaccination Record

33. Improper Vaccination 12 days late and 8 days apart 4 days late and 8 days apart 15 days late 6 days late On Time 20 days late and 5 days apart

34. Case Study # 2

35. Case Study #2 • 80-120# pigs • Lame, stiff, vocalization when arising • More and more but responsive to Penicillin • What are your differentials?

36. Movies • Movie Clip #1 • Movie Clip #2

37. Jump into the pens and find these 3 pigs

38. Diagnosis • Erysipelas • Zoonotic • St. Anthony’s Fire • Skin rash and fever • Remember, you may be questioned by small animal doctors and Pot-Bellied Pigs • Wean, 30 d and annual

39. Case Study # 3

40. Case Study # 3 • Walk Through • Movie Clip #1 • Movie Clip #2 • Movie Clip #3 • Movie Clip #4 • What Diagnostic Tests do you perform? • Ear Scrape

41. Case Study # 3 AASV Picture Gallery

42. Case Study # 3 • Treatment: • Sow herd was infected • Ivermectin injectable: entire herd • Permethrin spray the piglets for 30 days

43. Feel Free To Contact Me Brian J. Payne, DVM Carthage Veterinary Service, Ltd. Mobile: 309-337-8648 E-mail: payne@hogvet.com Website: www.hogvet.com/cvs