PRINCIPLES OF GREEN BUILDING DESIGN

1. PRINCIPLES OF GREEN BUILDING DESIGN GAINING THE COMPETITIVE EDGE Jeanne Perantoni, AIA, LEED AP - CEO June 19, 2013 William Paterson University – Passaic County Dept of Economic Development

2. GREEN BUILDING DESIGN THE ROLE OF THE ARCHITECT IN LEVERAGING RESOURCES… GREEN BUILDING DESIGN A commitment to buildings that have a minimal negative impact on environment, are energy efficient, durable, life-affirming, healthy, and re-generative. REDUCING ENERGY-USE, ENHANCING OPERATIONS, AND IMPROVING COST FLOW AND BENEFITS

3. THE IMPACT OF BUILDINGS • Past Practices & Design Standards • produced buildings that accounted for: • 72% of electricity consumption • 39% of energy use • 38% of all carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions • 40% of raw materials use • 30% of waste output (136 million tons annually) • 14% of potable water consumption • Design based upon the American Emphasis on What’s New, Super-Sized, Trendy, Replicable, & Disposable TO STAY COMPETITIVE…THIS NEEDS TO CHANGE

4. THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE Totransform the way buildings, sites, and communities are designed, built and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially-responsible, healthy, and prosperous environment that improves quality of life THE IMPACT OF INDIVIDUALS Creating building projects at all scales that operate as cleanly, beautifully, and efficiently as nature’s architecture Green Globes / GBI

5. KNOW WHAT GREEN COSTS “FIRST COST” versus “LIFE CYCLE COST” 2% investment in green can significantly lower operating costs for life of the building Sustainable Building Technical Manual Public Technology, Inc. & The US Green Building Council

6. GETTING TO GREENWHERE TO INVEST Energy & Atmosphere REDUCTION IN USE OF FOSSIL FUELS & ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION Sustainable Sites MINIMIZING DISTURBANCE TO ECOSYSTEMS & POLLUTION TO WATERWAYS Water Efficiency CONSERVATION & REUSE GREEN BUILDING CERTIFICATION SYSTEM verifying METRICS, and promoting BEST PRACTICES WHAT MATTERS MOST: energy savings, water efficiency, reduced CO2 emissions & waste, improved IAQ, stewardship of resources & diversity. Materials & Resources RENEWABLE RESOURCES REUSE & RECYCLING Indoor Environmental Quality HEALTHIER ENVIRONMENT FOR ENHANCED HUMAN PERFORMANCE

7. UTILIZE WEB RESOURCES FOR IDEAS

8. GETTING TO GREENBEST PRACTICES Energy & Atmosphere BEGIN WITH ENERGY AUDITS REDUCTION IN USE OF FOSSIL FUELS & ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION • CASE STUDY: • Energy Audits of 83 buildings total • 4.32 million square feet • Energy costs $13 million • OUTCOME: • Defined $26 M in improvements to save $3 to $4 M per year • SCIA Solar Program 1st tranche will save $18.35 million over 15 years • SCIA Solar Program 2nd tranche is expected to achieve similar savings

9. Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs)Eligible for ESIP Lighting Retrofits & Upgrades Occupancy Sensors HVAC Upgrades Electric to Gas Conversions Boiler Replacements Chiller Replacements Building Management Systems Building Envelope Improvements Combined Heat & Power Renewable Energy GETTING TO GREEN

10. INVESTIGATE METRICS AND OPTIONS • Getting to Green….Average Simple Payback Projections on Retrofit Projects • Lighting and Sensors 4.6 • Retro Commissioning 5.7 • Controls 7.6 • Appliance Replacement 8.5 • Window AC Replacement 15 • Boilers 16 • Domestic Hot Water 21 • Equipment Conversion 35 • HVAC Systems 65 • Building Envelope Improvements 98

11. GETTING TO GREENDESIGN STRATEGIES Sustainable Sites MINIMIZING DISTURBANCE TO ECOSYSTEMS & POLLUTION TO WATERWAYS • CASE STUDY: NEPTUNE MIDTOWN • COMMUNITY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL • Reduced impervious coverage • Bioswales to recharge runoff into • groundwater • Rooftop garden to further • reduce runoff • OUTCOME: • 100% stormwater retention

12. GETTING TO GREENSUCCESS STORY Sustainable Sites MINIMIZING DISTURBANCE TO ECOSYSTEMS, PRESERVING LAND, ENHANCING STEWARDSHIP & ACCESS TO WATERWAYS • CASE STUDY: ALLEMUCHY MIXED USED DEVELOPMENT IN HIGHLANDS • COMMUNITY ENRICHED BY NEW PARKLANDS & ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

13. GETTING TO GREEN DESIGN STRATEGIES Water Efficiency • CASE STUDY: NEPTUNE MIDTOWN • COMMUNITY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL • Stormwater infiltration to create mini-wetlands/bioswales on site • (Standard) Low flow plumbing fixtures • (Specialty) No flow fixtures such as waterless urinals, composting toilet • Rainwater harvesting • Sustainable, native plantings • Monitors and educational signage • OUTCOME: 50% water use reduction CONSERVATION & REUSE Prior to Planting Begins – year one Shade trees taking root – year two Bioswales – year three

14. GETTING TO GREENSUCCESS STORY Water Efficiency • CASE STUDY: PEQUEST FISH HATCHERY • ANALYSIS FOR NEW INTERPRETIVE CENTER MAPPING OF RESOURCES WITH AIM TO CONSERVE, REUSE, & ENHANCE

15. GETTING TO GREEN DESIGN STRATEGIES Materials & Resources RENEWABLE RESOURCES REUSE & RECYCLING • CASE STUDY: PASSAIC HIGH SCHOOL AUDITORIUM RENOVATIONS • Reuse/refinishing of existing materials • Refinish wood stage (low-VOC products) • Retain existing HVAC systems • Re-use existing ceiling assembly • Repair existing concrete floor • LED conversion of light fixtures • (Re-use instead of replace mentality) • Recycling of all construction waste • OUTCOME: • 80% recycling of waste (at a minimum!)

16. GETTING TO GREEN DESIGN STRATEGIES Materials & Resources RENEWABLE RESOURCES REUSE EXISTING & RECYCE • CASE STUDY: PASSAIC HIGH SCHOOL AUDITORIUM RENOVATIONS • Sustainable Materials • Side wall panels utilize composite wood veneer panels • Carpet with high recycled content • Extra long lifespan of new seats • Low VOC paint to reduce off gassing • LED lighting used for house lights OUTCOME: Improve the carbon neutrality of project improve Indoor Air Quality

17. GETTING TO GREEN DESIGN STRATEGIES Indoor Environmental Quality HEALTHIER ENVIRONMENT FOR ENHANCED HUMAN PERFORMANCE • CASE STUDY: NEPTUNE MIDTOWN • Abundant Natural Daylighting • Energy-saving controls & monitors • Geothermal heating/cooling • Low VOC materials throughout • Healthy, quiet underfloor air delivery • Flexible power grid & power source • Operable windows & opening that promote natural ventilation • OUTCOME: • 20% reduction in absenteeism • 20+% improvement in test scores • 35+% energy savings over code

18. GETTING TO GREENSUCCESS STORY Ventilation CASE STUDY: NEPTUNE MIDTOWN Underfloor Displacement Air System Focus on Healthy Indoor Air Quality Indoor Environmental Quality

19. GETTING ON BOARD NEW PARADIGM GETTING ON BOARD • Understand your leadership role in guiding critical investment decisions to maximize resource savings and promote sustainability outcomes • Change your PERSPECTIVE … think long-term • Begin with ENERGY AUDIT… benchmark baseline • Understand METRICS… overall impact of small steps • Factor in LIFE-CYCLE COSTS…maximize ROI by controlling expenses (occupant-loads & operations) • Be aware of MARKET SHIFTS …find out about new products, grant opportunities, tech changes, etc.

20. Start EARLY & Plan LONG TERM Base decisions on Life-Cycle Cost Comparisons that include Maintenance & Replacement costs spread over functional life of the building Potential Project Impact Resources Required Construction Documents Turnover/Occupancy Design Development Bidding/Negotiation Schematic Design Concept Design Construction CD CONST T/O SD DD CD BID Time To Reap Rewards, Investment Changes are best made early in the process, ideally by Design Development Phase

21. ACCEPT CHANGE INCREMENTALLY Attitudinal Change: 2000-01We don’t know where to start…or what it means! 2002-03 CHECKLISTS are point chasers…that divert money 2004-05 Green is OK but…certification is too costly & difficult 2006-08 LEED helps us manage…but Gold Rating is too expensive 2010-12 Once you start, Gold is attainable on most projects. If we commit and apply what we have learned…it just happens.

22. THE IMPACT OF INDIVIDUALS BEHAVIORS changed by Decisions…ACTIONS influenced by Convenience

23. PSYCHOLOGY OF BEHAVIOR What Drives our Behavior? • 95% Non-conscious Behavior • Learned / Modeled • Triggered • Hard-wired 5% Conscious Behavior

24. PSYCHOLOGY OF BEHAVIOR • How is this useful? • It creates a roadmap for motivating change! • Research New Models & Show Benefits • Get Staff Commitment & Buy In • Use Visual Prompts & Reminders • Use Social Norms to encourage group behavior • Use Incentives – praise, feedback, rewards…. • Make it Convenient & Easy to Implement • Persuade through Communication Strategies

25. WHAT GREEN REALLY PROVIDES WHAT IS A 1% INCREASE IN PRODUCTIVITY WORTH TO YOUR COMPANY? 2% investment in green can yield significant ROI dividends by increasing productivity over the life of building operations Based on time 5 minutes per day Based on salary $600 annually Based on square footage $3 per square foot ($65,000 annual salary 200 sf per employee) Sustainable Building Technical Manual Public Technology, Inc. & The US Green Building Council

26. MOTIVATING CHANGESUCCESS STORIES Engaging the Next Generation…. http://www.buildgreenschools.org/

27. MOTIVATING CHANGESUCCESS STORIES Sustainability – The New Competitive Edge

28. MOTIVATING CHANGESUCCESS STORIES Engaging Businesses & Municipalities…. GREEN BUILDING TOOLKIT: • GOAL: Demystify LEED • Provide guidance on applying LEED principles and strategies to BUSINESS! • Focus on business-friendly strategies to increase productivity, improve IAQ, and save energy costs! • Guide municipal Code Officials and Green Team Volunteers on LEED implementation (common language) • Disseminate critical research on Best Practices & Case Study Results • Explain Big Picture Context and Return on Investment Analysis; Green + Business = Smart Growth www.greenbuildingtoolkit.com 2014 UPDATE BEING PLANNED

29. MOTIVATING CHANGESUCCESS STORIES Recognize businesses who have demonstrated a commitment to sustainable practices and help Businesses profit from new sustainability efforts Goal:Develop network of like-minded businesses, assist in formulating “Green Plans”, help companies adopt sustainable practices that yield economic benefits while reducing environmental impact, provide mentoring & recognition. Steps:Encourage an energy audit, develop a checklist based on Green Office Certification, encourage companies to get started, get greener, and instruct staff on best practices and direct steps to reduce environmental impact of operations. Green Challenge Components: • Series of checklists, brochures and surveys categorized by impact area; Fact Sheets, Prompts, How-to’s, Encouragement • Action Items, Website Access, & Easy Ways to Self-Report

30. MOTIVATING CHANGESUCCESS STORIES Sustainability connects people across departments and unites all levels of staff with information, tools, and inspiration for challenges at hand: making sustainability a priority for the long term. http://www.greencampus.harvard.edu/green-office Somerset County Business Partnership www.scbp.org

31. MOTIVATING CHANGE & investment Passaic County “Greening Your Company 2013” Opportunities to improve Cash Flow and Benefits LEARN ABOUT ENERGY-SAVING FUNDING • ENERGY AUDITAssessment of Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) • CREATE ENERGY SAVINGS PLANLevel III Audit recommending package of energy projects achieving 15% savings. Create an Energy Reduction Plan for Pay for Performance (P4P). • USE ENERGY SAVINGS IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM with 15 YEAR FINANCING (ESIP)Work with ESCO or DIY with knowledgeable A/E Team • INTEGRATE ADDITIONAL GRANT MONEYInvestigate & take strategic use of additional funding for specialized project packages and systems • BID, CONSTRUCT, & COMMISSION • MEASURE & VERIFY Ensure energy savings are attained • FIND OUT ABOUT LOCAL/REGIONAL OPPORTUNITIES • FUNDING SOURCES, COUNTY & STATE INITIATIVES • FEDERAL BONDS & UTILITY COMPANY PROGRAMS

32. QUESTIONS? Jeanne Perantoni, AIA, LEED AP – CEO jeanneperantoni@ssparchitects.com