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Botswana

Development and Energy in Africa (DEA). Start 1 May 2005 - Completion 31 October 2007. Risø National Laboratory Denmark. Energy Research Centre (ECN) Netherlands. Centres in 6 African countries:. Botswana. Ghana. Mali. Senegal. Tanzania. Zambia. Development and Energy in Africa (DEA).

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Botswana

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  1. Development and Energy in Africa (DEA) Start 1 May 2005 - Completion 31 October 2007 Risø National Laboratory Denmark Energy Research Centre (ECN) Netherlands Centres in 6 African countries: Botswana Ghana Mali Senegal Tanzania Zambia

  2. Development and Energy in Africa (DEA) Objectives: • to establish and apply an Assessment Framework for evaluating development and poverty alleviation impacts of energy interventions • to engage in a dialogue with energy policy makers and other stakeholders on the basis of the framework, with a view to incorporating these issues in energy policy. project structure Stakeholder needs Assessment Framework + Toolbox + Selection of case studies Catalogue of 42 existing projects 6 Case Studies Refinement Information on Development Impact Literature Review Improved design of future interventions

  3. complex energy intervention Common approach – The ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK input A step by step approach to carrying out an impact assessment of a given energy intervention common approach output outcome • conceptualisation • organising principle • systematic approach • disentanglement • structure • thinking aid impact indicators systematic description of an energy intervention and its consequences

  4. From 4-level causal diagram to assessment tables:example solar ESCO in Zambia Elements Indicators Units Source Method Provision of electricity service • Inputs: • provision of • electricity • service established ESCO ESCOs ESCOs • desk • study • Outputs: • access to • electricity • employment • total SHS • installed • jobs • SHS • no. jobs • SHS • no. jobs • interviews • interviews access to electricity employment within ESCO evening study • Outcomes: • use of electricity • lighting fuel • business hours • evening study • appliances • fuel costs • av. b. hrs • school • study/night • number • $ • hrs • hrs • number • $ • hrs • hrs • survey • interview • survey • focus • group lighting fuel consumption business hours use of electricity • Impacts: • income • educational • gender • income • sch. perf. • decision- • making • roles • $ • grades • h/h • $ • grades • h/h • survey • interview • focus • group gender relations income educational and social activities

  5. Main project outputs

  6. Achievements • A proven and demonstrated evaluation methodology with real case study examples • A catalogue of small and medium-sized energy interventions in the six countries • A survey of literature on impact assessment of energy projects • A participatory approach to identify outcome and impact indicators at the local level • Enhanced capacity in countries for assessing outcomes and impacts of energy projects • Enhanced awareness among stakeholders of how energy access contributes to development

  7. Challenges Significant challenges remain in the field of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) and Impact Analysis (IA) of energy interventions: • There are many complex linkages between input and impact • There is generally no recorded baseline • Detailed assessments require significant resources (money and manpower) which are often not available in project budgets The results of M&E and IA need to feed into policy making and project design, so that the development impacts and outcomes, or the lack of them, are taken into account, leading to better policies and projects.

  8. The Way Forward • Establishment of Regional M&E networks and facilities in collaboration with GVEP • Incorporation of the DEA methodology in other energy-development projects • Maintenance of www.deafrica.net as a focal point for M&E and Impact Analysis of energy projects in Africa

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