Final Review

1. Final Review • TDT class 7

2. Taste (Wei) • Acrid (pungent, spicy) - disperses, moves Qi & Blood • Sour - contracts, tightens, restrains leakage • Salty - softens, moistens and descends • Sweet - tonifies, moistens, harmonizes • Bitter - drains and dries • Bland - promotes urination

3. COOKING METHODS • Warming: Grilling, Broiling, Smoking, Roasting, Baking (least warming) • Cooling: Pickling, Adding cold or raw foods (lettuce, tomato, etc) • Neutral: Boiling, Blanching, Steaming

4. Food quantity: • 50-80% grains • 30-40% cooked vegetables • 5% meat • 5% raw salad, fruit, etc (more in summer)

5. Avoid: • too much raw/cold food and tropical fruits - weakens ST-SP • ice cold drinks - weakens ST-SP • too much dairy - cold-dampness, phlegm • too much oily/fatty food - damp-heat, phlegm

6. too much sugar/sweet - damp-heat, phlegm • too much alcohol - damp-heat, phlegm • too much meat - damp-heat, phlegm • overly opulent meals - causes food stagnation, weakens ST-SP • late night eating - causes food stagnation • excessive fasting - weakens ST-SP

7. MATERIA MEDICA

8. Grains, Cereals and Legumes • Most grains have a sweet flavor and neutral/slightly warm nature; they tend to be useful in supplementing Spleen and Stomach, removing dampness and stopping diarrhea. • Most legumes are useful in draining damp, some also clear heat (ex: aduki beans)

9. Meat • Most meat is warming and thus good for supplementing qi and yang. • Especially good for cooler weather, meat consumption should be limited or avoided altogether in heat or excess patterns. • Excess consumption of meat can make for dampness as well as heat.

10. Fish & Seafood • Mostly neutral to warm and salty; fresh water fish may also be sweet. • Generally supplements qi, blood and yang, especially affects ST, SP and KD. • Many are contraindicated for skin disorders.

11. Dairy products • Mostly sweet and neutral to cold, moisten dryness and enrich yin. • Excessive consumption can lead to phlegm accumulation. Children are especially at risk.

12. Spices • Spices tend to be acrid and warm (ginger, cinnamon, hot peppers, etc) and are indicated for cold conditions. • Excessive consumption of spices will often cause heat or dryness. • An exception is salt, which is cold; however, salt may still be used in Kidney yang deficiency as it goes to the Kidneys, as long as it is balanced with warming foods.

13. Nuts and seeds • Highly nutritious and mostly warm. • Build up qi and yang in the body, act very quickly to build up deficiency in energy. • Can cause dampness and stagnation so should be limited or avoided in damp or stagnant conditions.

14. Vegetables • Leafy vegetables tend to be neutral or cooling, especially if raw, so useful in clearing heat; limit or avoid in cold patterns. • Nightshade vegetables (eggplant, tomato) usually are cooling to the blood. • Some vegetables are acrid and warming (eg: onions, garlic) so should be avoided in heat patterns. • Root vegetables are usually tonifying to the Spleen (eg: carrots, sweet potatoes).

15. Fruits • Usually sweet and or sour and cool to cold. • Usually better suited to warmer climates and seasons. • Functions to clear heat, generate fluids and moisten dryness. • Avoid tropical fruits or their juices in cold patterns especially.

16. Food Recommendations According to Pattern Differentiation

17. DEFICIENCY OF LIVER-BLOOD • Meat: Poultry, beef, liver • Fish: Oysters, crab, white fish, perch, eel • Fruit: Apples, lychees, plums, red grapes, longans, sweet cherries • Vegetables: neutral red vegetables; neutral or cool green vegetables • Beverages: Carrot juice, tomato juice, red beet juice, plum juice, red tea, red grape juice, red wine (in moderation) • Grains: Wheat, glutinous rice • Spices: Watercress, marjoram, parsley root • Nuts/seeds: Sesame, sunflower seeds • Other: Egg yolk

18. LIVER-YIN DEFICIENCY • Vegetables: Cucumbers, sauerkraut, celery, spinach, tomato • Grains: Wheat, spelt, barley • Other: Tofu, sour dairy products

19. LIVER-FIRE BLAZING UPWARDS • Fruit: Bananas, rhubarb, watermelons, lemons, tropical fruits • Vegetables: Cucumbers, water chestnut, celery, spinach, tomato • Beverages: Wheat beer, yerba mate, vermouth • Other: Yogurt, dandelion, gentian

20. LIVER-YANG RISING • Fruit: Rhubarb, apples, lemons, mangos, mulberry fruit • Vegetables: Raw vegetables, endive, celery, sprouts, spinach, tomato • Beverages: Green tea, peppermint tea, wheat beer, apple juice • Grains: Spelt, wheat, wheat germ • Legumes: Mung bean, mung bean sprouts • Other: Yogurt, sour cream, dandelion, gentian, salt

21. STAGNATION OF LIVER-QI • Fish: Crayfish, prawns • Fruit: Plums • Vegetables: Radish, leek, celery, brown seaweed, kohlrabi • Grains: Spelt, wheat, wheat germ • Legumes: Mung bean, mung bean sprouts • Spices: Ginger, garlic, pepper, marjoram, coriander (all in small amounts) • Other: Vinegar

22. SPLEEN-QI DEFICIENCY • Meat: Poultry/broth, lamb, beef/stock, venison • Fish: Trout, salmon, tuna, shellfish • Fruit: Sweet apples, apricots, dates, jujube, figs, sweet cherries, peaches, plums, raisins, red grapes • Vegetables: Fennel, cabbage, pumpkins, carrots, sweet potatoes, onions (sauteed) • Beverages: Fennel tea, spiced tea with cinnamon, mead, liqueurs, corn silk tea, licorice tea, red grape juice • Grains: Amaranth, oats, millet, polenta, short / long grain rice • Sweeteners: Maple syrup, barley malt, raw honey, marzipan, raisins, raw cane sugar, molasses

23. STOMACH-YIN DEFICIENCY • Meat: Poultry, beef, goose, rabbit, pork • Fruit: Apples, pears, bananas, tangerines, honeydew melons • Vegetables: Cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, cucumbers, watercress, raw foods, salads, celery, zucchini, eggplant, steamed tomato, potato • Beverages: Pear juice, bread drink, rosehip tea, mallow tea, mlk, soy mlk, red grape juice, Wheat beer • Grains: Wheat, spelt, millet, rice • Other: Milk products, butter, egg, cheese, cream • Other suggestions: Baked vegetable casserole.

24. STOMACH-FIRE • Fruit: Pears, bananas, rhubarb, kiwi, watermelons • Vegetables: Peas, Chinese cabbage, cucumbers, mung beans/ sprouts, tomato, spinach, bamboo sprouts. • Beverages: Green tea, chamomile, black tea, wheat beer • Grains: Wheat, spelt, millet, rice • Other: Yogurt, tofu, wheat, dandelion

25. STOMACH-QI REBELLING UPWARDS/ FOOD STAGNATION • Fruit: Hawthorn • Vegetables: Carrots, white cabbage • Beverages: Digestive liqueurs: Anise, bitters • Grains: Barley, millet • Spices: Coriander, fennel, ginger, clove • Nuts/seeds: caraway seed • Other: Vinegar

26. HEART-QI / YANG DEFICIENCY • Meat: Lamb, beef • Beverages: Chai tea, cocoa, coffee, warm wheat beer • Grains: Buckwheat, corn, oats, short grain rice • Sweeteners: Maple syrup, barley malt, raw honey, marzipan, raisins, raw cane sugar, molasses • Spices: Anise seed, chili

27. HEART-BLOOD DEFICIENCY • Meat: Blood sausage, chicken, beef, pheasant • Fish: Oysters • Fruit: Cherries, red grapes, longans • Beverages: Goat's milk, sheep's milk, cow's milk • Grains: Wheat, glutinous rice, oats • Spices: Watercress, marjoram, parsley root

28. HEART-YIN DEFICIENCY • Meat: Beef, pork • Fruit: Red grapes • Grains: Wheat • Nuts/seeds: Poppy seed, black sesame seed • Other: Goat's milk cheese, sheep's milk cheese

29. HEART-FIRE BLAZING • Fruit: Rhubarb, watermelons, lemons • Vegetables: Raw vegetable salads, dandelion, tomato • Beverages: Black tea, green tea, vermouth • Other: Sour dairy products, gentian

30. KIDNEY-YANG DEFICIENCY • Meat: Especially venison, also lamb, duck, pork • Fish: Oysters, Smoked fish (especially salmon), tuna, mussels, shrimp • Fruit: Cherries, grapes • Vegetables: Fennel, cabbage (with warming spices), leeks, radish, root vegetables, onions • Beverages: Grain coffee, chai, spiced tea • Grains: Oats, millet, buckwheat, rice (lightly roasted) • Spices: Ginger, black pepper, garlic, cinnamon • Nuts/seeds: Chestnut, lotus seeds, roasted black sesame seeds, sunflower seeds, roasted walnuts

31. KIDNEY-YIN DEFICIENCY • Meat: Pork, duck, dove • Fish: Oysters, octopus, perch, carp • Fruit: Refreshing fruits, pears, grapes • Vegetables: Refreshing vegetables, cabbage, asparagus, carrots • Beverages: Goat’s milk, sheep’s milk • Grains: Barley, rice, wheat • Nuts/seeds: Black sesame seeds, walnuts • Dairy: Cream, butter

32. KIDNEY AND HEART NOT HARMONIZED • Meat: Pork, beef, poultry • Fruit: Refreshing fruits, apples, bananas • Vegetables: Refreshing vegetables, mushrooms, asparagus, spinach, tomato • Beverages: Peppermint tea, lemon balm tea, wheat beer • Grains: Barley, rice, wheat, corn

33. LUNG-QI DEFICIENCY • Meat: Duck, quail • Fish: Carp, tuna • Fruit: Peaches, grapes • Vegetables: Cauliflower, kohlrabi, carrots, olives, onions, mushrooms • Beverages: Ginger tea • Grains: Oats, millet, barley malt, rice (lightly roasted) • Spices: Ginger, garlic, thyme • Nuts/seeds: Peanut • Other: High proof alcohol (small amounts)

34. LUNG-YIN DEFICIENCY • Fruit: Banana, (with honey), pear, tangerine, honeydew melon • Beverages: Poultry broth, almond milk, cows milk (with honey) • Sweeteners: Honey, marzipan • Nuts/seeds: Peanuts, almonds, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds • Dairy: Cottage cheese, farmers cheese, butter

35. PHLEGM PATTERNS • To supplement qi: • Fruit: Pears, star fruit, tangerines • Vegetables: Radish, asparagus, water chestnut, Chinese cabbage, lotus root, dandelion • Grains: Millet, rice, rye, buckwheat • Spices: Marjoram, pepper, ginger, cardamom • Nuts/seeds: Apricot seeds, almonds, walnuts

36. PHLEGM PATTERNS • To supplement qi: • Fruit: Pears, star fruit, tangerines • Vegetables: Radish, asparagus, water chestnut, Chinese cabbage, lotus root, dandelion • Grains: Millet, rice, rye, buckwheat • Spices: Marjoram, pepper, ginger, cardamom • Nuts/seeds: Apricot seeds, almonds, walnuts

37. For cold phlegm: • Fruit: Cherries • Beverages: Bitter liqueurs, ginger tea • Grains: Millet • Spices: Garlic, pepper, ginger, cardamom, cinnamon, thyme • For hot phlegm: • Fruit: Grapefruit, tangerine • Vegetables: Watercress, white radish, celery, seaweed • Beverages: Lemon juice, peppermint tea, green tea, pear juice • Other: Soybeans

38. For Lung heat: • Fruit: Apples, pears • Vegetables: Radish, asparagus, carrot, cabbage, tomato, dandelion, mushroom, seaweed, mung beans • Beverages: Soy milk, peppermint tea, green tea • Spices: Salt • Other: Soybeans

39. DIETARY THERAPY FOR SPECIFIC CONDITIONS

40. OBESITY • Typically seen as SP deficiency with dampness and possibly phlegm • LR qi stagnation not uncommon complication • Ancient China: XS weight sign of prosperity, so no mention of obesity as a disease category

41. SPLEEN-QI/YANG DEFICIENCY • Clinical manifestations • Obesity with slack fat tissue, poor muscle tone, patint eats little, easily fatigued, little thirst • Tongue: Pale, scalloped • Pulse: Empty, faint or weak.

42. Treatment • Use sweet tastes, neutral, warm and hot foods and neutral to warming methods of cooking. Eat regularly, at least one warm meal a day.

43. Recommended foods • Meat: Poultry, poultry broth, lamb, beef, beef stock • Fish: Trout, salmon, tuna, shellfish • Fruit: Sweet apples, apricots, dates, jujube, figs, sweet cherries, peaches, plums, raisins, red grapes • Vegetables: Fennel, cabbage, pumpkins, carrots, sweet potatos, onions (sauteed)

44. Beverages: Fennel tea, spiced tea with cinnamon, mead, liqueurs, corn silk tea, licorice tea, red grape juice • Grains: Amaranth, oats, millet, polenta, short grain rice, long grain rice • Sweeteners: Maple syrup, barley malt, raw honey, raisins, raw cane sugar, • Spices: Anise seed, star anise, cayenne, pepper, fennel, ginger, cardamom, nutmeg, vanilla, cinnamon, coriander, oregano, rosemary, thyme

45. PHLEGM-DAMP • Clinical manifestations • Overweight with hypertension, heavy head and limbs, oppression in chest, dizziness, fatigue • Tongue: Thick slimy coating • Pulse: Slippery.

46. Dampness and hot phlegm • Bitter, salty, sweet, cool • Fruit: Pears • Vegetables: Dandelion, chicory, mung beans, radish, dulse (red marine algae), seaweed • Spices: Salt • Other: Soy milk

47. Dampness and cold phlegm • Bitter, acrid, warm • Vegetables: Leeks • Spices: Garlic, ginger, cardamom

48. STOMACH FIRE WITH PHLEGM • Clinical manifestations • Overweight with strong musculature, fat belly, patient eats a lot (strong appetite), bad breath, dry stool, constipation, very thirsty, dark urine, • Tongue: Red with yellow coating • Pulse: Rapid, full.

49. Treatment • Use cooling methods of preparation. • Sweet, bitter and sour tastes and cool or cold foods.

50. Recommended foods • Fruit: Bananas, kiwi, watermelons • Vegetables: Chinese cabbage, cucumbers, mung beans/ sprouts, tomato, bamboo sprouts, dandelion, celery, water chestnuts, seaweed. • Beverages: Green tea • Grains: Wheat, barley • Other: Yogurt, tofu