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Total revenue 總收入

Total revenue 總收入. TR. TR. Q. 0. AR,MR. AR. Q. 0. MR. Average revenue 平均收入. TR. TR. Q. 0. AR,MR. AR. Q. 0. MR. Marginal revenue 邊際收入. TR. TR. Q. 0. AR,MR. AR. Q. 0. MR. Perfect competition 完全競爭. P. MC. AC. d=MR=AR=P. AVC. Q. 0. Q*. Profit maximization

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Total revenue 總收入

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  1. Total revenue 總收入 TR TR Q 0 AR,MR AR Q 0 MR

  2. Average revenue 平均收入 TR TR Q 0 AR,MR AR Q 0 MR

  3. Marginal revenue 邊際收入 TR TR Q 0 AR,MR AR Q 0 MR

  4. Perfect competition 完全競爭 P MC AC d=MR=AR=P AVC Q 0 Q*

  5. Profit maximization 利潤最大化 P MC P MR=MC (profit maximization) D=AR MR 0 Q

  6. Deadweight loss 無謂損失 P S=MC Pm Pc D=AR MR Q 0 Qm Qc

  7. Monopoly rent 壟斷租 P MC AC’ P AC D=AR MR Q 0 Q

  8. Monopoly 壟斷 P MC P AC D=AR MR Q 0 Q

  9. Law of diminishing marginal returns 邊際報酬遞減定律 TP max. TP Slope=MP=AP TP Law of diminishing marginal returns 0 Variable factor AP,MP MP max. AP max. AP 0 Variable factor MP

  10. Average product curve 平均生產曲線 TP max. TP Slope=MP=AP TP 0 Variable factor AP,MP MP max. AP max. AP 0 Variable factor MP

  11. Marginal product curve 邊際生產曲線 TP max. TP Slope=MP=AP TP 0 Variable factor AP,MP MP max. AP max. AP 0 Variable factor MP

  12. Total product curve 總生產曲線 TP max. TP Slope=MP=AP TP 0 Variable factor AP,MP MP max. AP max. AP 0 Variable factor MP

  13. Total fixed cost 總固定成本 TC,TFC,TVC TC Slope=MC=AC TVC Slope=MC=AVC TFC 0 Output AC, AFC, AVC, MC, MFC, MVC MC=MVC AC AVC AFC MFC=0 0 Output

  14. Total variable cost 總可變成本 TC,TFC,TVC TC Slope=MC=AC TVC Slope=MC=AVC TFC 0 Output AC, AFC, AVC, MC, MFC, MVC MC=MVC AC AVC AFC MFC=0 0 Output

  15. Total cost 總成本 TC,TFC,TVC TC Slope=MC=AC TVC Slope=MC=AVC TFC 0 Output AC, AFC, AVC, MC, MFC, MVC MC=MVC AC AVC AFC MFC=0 0 Output

  16. Average fixed cost 平均固定成本 TC,TFC,TVC TC Slope=MC=AC TVC Slope=MC=AVC TFC 0 Output AC, AFC, AVC, MC, MFC, MVC MC=MVC AC AVC AFC MFC=0 0 Output

  17. Average variable cost 平均可變成本 TC,TFC,TVC TC Slope=MC=AC TVC Slope=MC=AVC TFC 0 Output AC, AFC, AVC, MC, MFC, MVC MC=MVC AC AVC AFC MFC=0 0 Output

  18. Average cost 平均成本 TC,TFC,TVC TC Slope=MC=AC TVC Slope=MC=AVC TFC 0 Output AC, AFC, AVC, MC, MFC, MVC MC=MVC AC AVC AFC MFC=0 0 Output

  19. Marginal cost 邊際成本 TC,TFC,TVC TC Slope=MC=AC TVC Slope=MC=AVC TFC 0 Output AC, AFC, AVC, MC, MFC, MVC MC=MVC AC AVC AFC MFC=0 0 Output

  20. First-degree price discrimination 一級價格分歧 P MC D=MUV=MR Q 0

  21. Third-degree price discrimination 三級價格分歧 Market A Market B Both Markets P P P MC PA P1 PB DA+B MRA DA MRB DB MRA+B Q Q Q QA QB Q 0

  22. Law of demand 需求定律 P A B D Q 0

  23. Law of supply 供給定律 P S B A Q 0

  24. Equilibrium Price 均衡價格 P S Pe D Q 0

  25. Surplus 盈餘 P S Excess supply Pe D Qe Q 0

  26. Shortage 短缺 P S Pe Excess demand D Qe Q 0

  27. Price ceiling 價格下限 P S Black market price Market Price Price ceiling D Q 0 Excess demand

  28. Price floor 價格上限 Wage rate S Surplus W 1 Minimum wage W e W 0 D Labour 0 Q1 Q2

  29. Elastic demand 高彈性需求 P D Elastic Demand M a b D’ Q 0

  30. Inelastic demand 低彈性需求 P D M Inelastic Demand a b Q 0 D’

  31. Perfectly elastic demand 完全彈性需求曲線 P D Q 0

  32. Perfectly inelastic demand 完全無彈性需求曲線 P D Q 0

  33. Unitary elastic demand curve 單一彈性需求曲線 P Gain=Loss Loss in revenue Gain in revenue Gain in revenue D Q 0

  34. Budget constraint 預算限制 Good Y P 5 4 Q 3 2 R 1 S 0 Good X 1 2 3

  35. Indifference curve 無異曲線 Good Y 5 A 4 3 B 2 C D 1 IC (utility=10) Good X 0 1 2 3 4 5

  36. Utility maximization 效用最大化 Good Y B C E IC3 IC2 IC1 D 0 L Good X

  37. Sales tax 銷售稅 P S2 Tax S1 Consumer’s burden Seller’s burden D Q 0

  38. Subsidy 補貼 P S1 Subsidy S2 Seller’s benefit Consumer’s benefit D 0 Q

  39. Consumer surplus 消費者盈餘 P Consumer’s surplus Price Total exchange value D = MUV Q 0

  40. Economies of scale 規模經濟 $ LRAC economies of scale Qm Output 0

  41. Diseconomies of scale 規模不經濟 $ LRAC diseconomies of scale Qm Output 0

  42. Producer surplus 生產者的盈餘 P S Q 0

  43. Economic rent 經濟租 Price S P1 Economic rent D Q1 Units of a factor 0

  44. Transfer earning 轉移收入 Price S P1 D Transfer earning 0 Q1 Units of a factor

  45. All-or-nothing Pricing 全量或零售定價 P AUV1=P1 All-or-nothing demand P2 MUV Q 0 Q1 Q2

  46. Contractionary monetary policy 收縮性貨幣政策 r Ms’ Ms Md M 0

  47. Expansionary monetary policy 擴張性貨幣政策 r Ms’ Ms Md M 0

  48. Equilibrium in money market 貨幣市場的均衡 r Ms Md M 0

  49. Paradox of thrift 節儉之迷 E E S’ S’ S S I I 0 0 Y Y Ye’ Ye Ye’ Ye Yf Yf

  50. Expansionary fiscal policy 擴張性財政政策 E Y-line E’ E 45° Y 0 Yf Ye

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