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05MSEE14 Intelligent Systems

05MSEE14 Intelligent Systems. Text Book Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach , S. Russell and P. Norvig , 3/e, Prentice Hall, 2010 References Artificial Intelligence , Patrick Henry Winston, 3/e, Pearson Education, 2002

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05MSEE14 Intelligent Systems

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  1. 05MSEE14 Intelligent Systems

  2. Text Book • Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, S. Russell and P. Norvig, 3/e, Prentice Hall, 2010 • References • Artificial Intelligence, Patrick Henry Winston, 3/e, Pearson Education, 2002 • Principles of Artificial Intelligence, Nils.J.Nilsson, Narosa Publ., 2002

  3. Scheme of Evaluation

  4. Intelligence • 3 kinds of intelligence… (Niccolo 1469-1527) • Understands things for itself • Appreciates what others can understand • Understands neither for itself nor through others • Ability to think, perceive, learn, take decision…

  5. Artificial Intelligence • John McCarthy at MIT (Massachusetts Inst. Of Tech.) • It includes.. • Game playing • Expert systems • Natural Language Processing • Neural Networks • Robotics

  6. Table Tennis…

  7. Musical skills…

  8. Can u ????

  9. Eliza – a friend you could never have before You:i am so sad Eliza: Do you think coming here will help you not to be sad? You: sure Eliza: Please go on. You:i am very much depressed Eliza: Do you think coming here will help you not to be depressed? You: yes Eliza: You are sure? You: my dedication has not been recognized by my boss Eliza: Why do you say your boss?

  10. an attempt of What is AI? AI is the reproduction of building intelligent entities.

  11. More Definitions… • AI is the branch of computer science concerned with making computers to think like humans • Designing machines to do things, which at the moment people do better

  12. More Definitions… Discipline that systematizes and automates reasoning processes to create machines that:

  13. Main goal of AI • AI Methodology Take a task at which people are better, • Prove a theorem • Play chess • Plan a surgical operation • Diagnose a disease • Navigate in a building

  14. How it performs tasks does matter • The reasoning steps are important • Ability to create and manipulate symbolic knowledge (definitions, concepts, theorems, …)

  15. Rationality • Goal is to build agents that always make the “best” decision • “Best” means… • Connections to economics and control theory

  16. Some Achievements… • Stanford Robo (2005) won DARPA grand challenge – 131 miles in desert • Carnegie Mellon & GM’s BOSS (2007) won DARPA Urban Challenge – 51 miles in urban area

  17. Some Achievements… • Computers have won over world champions in several games, including Checkers, Othello, and Chess.. • IBM’s WATSON (Feb 2011) defeated two champions Brad and Ken • formal calculus, video games, route planning, logistics planning, pharmaceutical drug design, medical diagnosis, hardware and software trouble-shooting, speech recognition, traffic monitoring, facial recognition, medical image analysis, part inspection, etc... • Some industries (automobile, electronics) are highly robotized, while other robots perform brain and heart surgery, are rolling on Mars, fly autonomously, …, but home robots still remain a thing of the future

  18. Main Areas of AI • Knowledge representation (including formal logic) • Search, especially heuristic search (puzzles, games) • Planning • Reasoning under uncertainty, including probabilistic reasoning • Learning • Agent architectures • Robotics and perception • Natural language processing Agent Perception Robotics Reasoning Search Learning Knowledgerep. Constraintsatisfaction Planning Naturallanguage ... Expert Systems

  19. History of AI • 1956: The name “Artificial Intelligence” is coined • 60’s: Search and games, formal logic and theorem proving • 70’s: Robotics, perception, knowledge representation, expert systems • 80’s: More expert systems, AI becomes an industry • 90’s: Rational agents, probabilistic reasoning, machine learning • 00’s: Systems integrating many AI methods, machine learning, reasoning under uncertainty, robotics again

  20. Exercises • Define • Intelligence • Artificial Intelligence • Agent

  21. Homework • A farmer wants to move himself, a silver fox, a fat goose, and some tasty grain across a river, from the west side to the east side. Unfortunately, his boat is so small he can take at most one of his possessions across on any trip. Worse yet, an unattended fox will eat a goose, and an unattended goose will eat grain, so the farmer must not leave the fox alone with the goose or the goose alone with the grain. What is he to do?

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