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Fixture Measurements

Fixture Measurements. Doug Rytting. Agenda. Agilent Network Analysis Applying the 8510 TRL Calibration for Non-Coaxial Measurements Product Note 8510-8A Agilent De-embedding and Embedding S-Parameter Networks Using a Vector Network Analyzer Product Note 8510-8A

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Fixture Measurements

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  1. Fixture Measurements Doug Rytting

  2. Agenda • Agilent Network Analysis Applying the 8510 TRL Calibration for Non-Coaxial Measurements • Product Note 8510-8A • Agilent De-embedding and Embedding S-Parameter Networks Using a Vector Network Analyzer • Product Note 8510-8A • In-Fixture Measurements Using Vector Network Analyzers • Agilent AN 1287-9 • Other • Asymmetrical Reciprocal Optimization • Two-Tier Calibration and Simplified Error Models

  3. Content of Application Note • TRL Calibration in Fixture • TRL Calibration on PC Board

  4. Microstrip Test Fixture

  5. Microstrip DUT in Fixture

  6. Calibration Model

  7. TRL Calibration Process

  8. TRL Calibration Process Steps

  9. Calibration Comparison

  10. Calibration Comparison

  11. PC Board TRL Calibration

  12. PC Board vs Fixture

  13. Time Domain of Launch and DUT

  14. Agenda • Agilent Network Analysis Applying the 8510 TRL Calibration for Non-Coaxial Measurements • Product Note 8510-8A • Agilent De-embedding and Embedding S-Parameter Networks Using a Vector Network Analyzer • Product Note 8510-8A • In-Fixture Measurements Using Vector Network Analyzers • Agilent AN 1287-9 • Other • Asymmetrical Reciprocal Optimization • Two-Tier Calibration and Simplified Error Models

  15. Content of Application Note • De-embed Process • De-embed using ADS models

  16. Text Fixture

  17. Fixture Model

  18. Definition of T-Parameters

  19. S-Parameters and T-Parameters

  20. Combine Fixture and NA ModelsCombing a Two-Tier Calibration

  21. Definition of Error Terms

  22. Definition of Error Terms

  23. Fixture Model Using:Lossy Transmission Lines

  24. Model of Coax to Microstrip Transition

  25. Complete ADS Model of Test Fixture

  26. Measured vs Modeled FixtureOptimize until Modeled Matches Measured

  27. S11: De-embedded vs Coax CalibrationSurface Mount Amplifier

  28. S21: De-embedded vs Coax CalibrationSurface Mount Amplifier

  29. Agenda • Agilent Network Analysis Applying the 8510 TRL Calibration for Non-Coaxial Measurements • Product Note 8510-8A • Agilent De-embedding and Embedding S-Parameter Networks Using a Vector Network Analyzer • Product Note 8510-8A • In-Fixture Measurements Using Vector Network Analyzers • Agilent AN 1287-9 • Other • Asymmetrical Reciprocal Optimization • Two-Tier Calibration and Simplified Error Models

  30. Content of Application Note • Practical Considerations for Fixture Calibrations. • Time Domain Used to Reduce Errors.

  31. Typical R&D Fixture

  32. Direct Measurement Using Calibration

  33. Two-Port Calibration

  34. Determining Open Capacitance

  35. Load Standard

  36. Thru Standard

  37. TDR Basics

  38. TDR Basics

  39. GatingThe gating may include the launches by mistake.

  40. Optimizing Load

  41. Connectors on Fixtures

  42. Connector Performance

  43. Agenda • Agilent Network Analysis Applying the 8510 TRL Calibration for Non-Coaxial Measurements • Product Note 8510-8A • Agilent De-embedding and Embedding S-Parameter Networks Using a Vector Network Analyzer • Product Note 8510-8A • In-Fixture Measurements Using Vector Network Analyzers • Agilent AN 1287-9 • Other • Asymmetrical Reciprocal Optimization • Two-Tier Calibration • Simplified Error Models

  44. Asymmetrical Reciprocal Optimization • A passive asymmetrical reciprocal device is used in addition to short, open, load, and thru standards. • The errors in calibration kit parameters can be reduced through numerical optimization to minimize asymmetry after correction. • There are some potential convergence issues.

  45. Asymmetrical Device

  46. Before and After Optimization

  47. Transmission Line Optimized Calibration • Measure S21m of a long transmission line. • Calculate S11c=S21mS21m of the transmission line. • Measure S11m of the transmission line with short connected to the end. • Subtract S11c from S11m for comparison. • Adjust capacitance of open to minimize ripple. • Adjust inductance of load and short to match the calculated S11c and measured S11m of the transmission line. • If possible, connect the load on the end of the long transmission line and adjust inductance of the load model for best performance. Then adjust the open and short models using a short connected to the end of the long transmission line.

  48. Transmission Line Optimized CalibrationCoax example using a 10 cm verification airline with a short on the end.Before and after optimizing the calibration standard’s models.Same approach can be used for fixture and on wafer measurementsusing a long verification transmission line.

  49. Two-Tier Calibration • First tier calibration stored in network analyzer. • Second tier calibration performed with first tier calibration turned on. • First tier could be SOLT and second tier TRL. This method enables TRL calibration on a 3 receiver NA. • First tier could be at coax port of NA and second tier at ports of a fixture This process will characterize the fixture.

  50. Simplified Error Model for FixtureUsing Two-Tier Technique • Allows simpler second tier calibrations since number of error terms reduced from 7 to 6 due to reciprocity of the fixture. • For example, SOLT can be simplified to SOL since no thru is required. • Once fixture is characterized the data can be stored and used in future calibrations. • Many other simplified fixture calibrations are available.

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