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Edward A. Gazdik, Frank S. Rosenthal, Wei-Hsung Wang Purdue University School of Health Sciences

Determination of the Attenuation Properties of Laboratory Gloves Exposed to an Ultraviolet Transilluminator. Edward A. Gazdik, Frank S. Rosenthal, Wei-Hsung Wang Purdue University School of Health Sciences. Background. Researchers visualize nucleic acids following

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Edward A. Gazdik, Frank S. Rosenthal, Wei-Hsung Wang Purdue University School of Health Sciences

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  1. Determination of the Attenuation Properties of Laboratory Gloves Exposed to an Ultraviolet Transilluminator Edward A. Gazdik, Frank S. Rosenthal, Wei-Hsung Wang Purdue University School of Health Sciences

  2. Background Researchers visualize nucleic acids following gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide (EtBr) staining with a UV transilluminator

  3. UVR Regions UVA (315-400nm) UVB (280-315nm) UVC (180-280nm) • Applications • Sanitation • Medical • Industrial • Criminology • Laboratory/Research Image of the Sun taken at UV wavelength www.pbs.org

  4. Purpose of Study Measure the UVR (UVA and actinic) transmission through 9 laboratory gloves using 2 different methods • Radiometer • Spectrophotometer Quantify any change in UVR transmission with modified gloves • 30% stretched • Wet with saline • 24 hour treated with saline Provide a hazard assessment for subjects using UV transilluminators

  5. Glove Material • Preliminary investigation of Purdue’s research facilities… • Gloves Studied • Glove Color • Clear, White, Green, Blue, Purple

  6. Actinic and UVA Detector Response to Source

  7. Radiometer Method Setup Gigahertz-Optik Radiometer with UVA and Actinic Detectors

  8. Vinyl Gloves -- Radiometer Data * * * Bars represent std error and a * is significance at 0.05 level

  9. Vinyl Gloves -- Radiometer Data * *

  10. Nitrile and Latex -- Radiometer Data * * * * *

  11. Nitrile and Latex -- Radiometer Data * * * *

  12. Wetting, Radiometer Data * *

  13. Wetting, Radiometer Data *

  14. Spectrophotometer Method • A spectrophotometerwas used to measure the UV transmission vs. wavelength of glove material. • Spectrophotometer data can be used to predict effective attenuation for different UV sources. Scenario 1 – Un-stretched glove

  15. Comparing Methods: Spectrophotometer to Radiometer Transmitted UVR Predicted Transmission = ---------------------- Incident UVR ∑ Eλ Sλ ∆λ Tλ = ---------------------- ∑ Eλ Sλ ∆λ Where: Eλ = Spectral source irradiance Sλ = Relative spectral detector response ∆λ = Band width in nm Tλ = Spectrophotometer transmission

  16. Vinyl, Spectrophotometer Data Averaged from 3 Trials of each Brand

  17. Nitrile, Spectrophotometer Data Averaged from 3 Trials of each Brand

  18. Latex, Spectrophotometer Data Averaged from 3 Trials of each Brand

  19. Variation Within Same Brand Radiometer Data: 74% UVA and 14% Actinic Transmission

  20. Comparison of Methods:Spectrophotometer to Radiometer

  21. Radiometer and Spectrophotometer Optics Spectrophotometer Scattered Light (Not Detected) Incident Light Transmitted Light Scattered Light (Not Detected) Spectrophotometer Detector Glove Sample (Side View) Radiometer Incident Light RadiometerDetector

  22. Experiment Distancing the Sample from the Detector Detector Detector Glove Sample (Side View) Glove Sample  Copper Tube  Opaque material Transilluminator TRANSILLUMINATOR TRANSILLUMINATOR

  23. Human Subject Survey • 19 subjects • Average use: • 3.7 days per week (1-7) • 7.8 minutes per day (1-18) • Glove use • 100% (16 latex, 3 nitrile)

  24. Survey of Actinic UV Exposure in 19 Transilluminator Users Inc ExpA tB Allowable time, with specified gloveC mw/cm2 min none vinyl nitrile latex 0.4 – 1.7 1- 18 2- 8 s 11-52 s 2-11 h 2 – 8 h AActinic Exposure at the surface of transilluminator BActual duration of use per day CAllowable exposure time according to the ACGIH TLV, assuming worker wears specified glove

  25. Survey of UVA Exposure in 19 Transilluminator Users Potential ExposureC Inc ExpA tB Number overexposed/ total subjects mw/cm2 min none vinyl nitrile latex 0.1 – 4.8 1- 18 10/19 10/19 0/19 0/19 AUVA Exposure at the surface of transilluminator BActual duration of use per day CSkin exposure, compared to the ACIGH TLV, for a worker wearing the specified glove.

  26. Conclusions • Vinyl gloves offered the least UVR protection averaging 73% UVA and 13% actinic transmission; latex and nitrile both averaged less than 1% transmission for both detectors. • 30% stretching increased UVA transmittance 6%, 52% and 40% and increased actinic transmission 7%, 52% and 98% for vinyl, nitrile and latex respectively. • All gloves but Oak vinyl increased in UVR transmission when wet. • Radiometer and spectrophotometer agreed that vinyl gloves are least protective. But spectrophotometer method was inaccurate due to scattered light.

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