IUCN World Conservation Congress 2012

1. IUCN World Conservation Congress 2012 Sustainable marine and coastal resource management in the Asia-Pacific in the context of international conservation targets Discussion on Reaching global targets on MPAs, other area-based conservation, and fisheries: Achieving the Aichi Targets through Effective Management of Marine Protected Areas and Integrated Coastal Management Clarissa Arida Director for Programme Development and Implementation ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity

2. Making progress in achieving the 2020 Biodiversity Targets and learning from lessons in 2010 • Achieving the Aichi Targets is a daunting task and requires bold and coordinated approaches, given the limited time, eight years before 2020 deadline and learning from our performance and lessons in 2010. • Some successful approaches to conserve coastal and marine diversity have been exemplified in certain areas through establishment of marine protected areas in local communities with involvement of various stakeholders. • In a larger scale and more systematic way, the development and application of Integrated Costal Management (ICM) have been demonstrated in several sites through PEMSEA interventions.

3. Establishment and Management of marine protected areas Aichi Target: 10 % of coastal and marine areas are conserved through protected areas • MPA is a useful tool to achieveconservation of marine biodiversity and sustainable use of marine ecosystem services.. • National and local level activities on MPA establsihment as well as regional cooperation initiatives, such as CTI on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and Food Security (CCTI-CFF) and support from regional institutions (PEMSEA, ACB, CTI-CFF, APEC MSDC) on knowledge management.

4. Development and application of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) the PEMSEA successes and lessons • Framework of sustainable development using the ICM process as a means to strengthen and enable the achievement of MPA objectives in biodiversity conservation and food security; where such processes take sinto account biodiversity and ecosystems services as the economic base of human well-being providing for livelihoods and economic development. • Integrated approaches, such as ICM, are needed at local and national levels, to create enabling environments to MPA management effectiveness that involve area-based measures such as marine spatial planning, patrolling, demarcation of boundaries, monitoring and evaluation, information system, and non-area based measures. • Site-based examples of ICM implementation and scaling up

5. Important elements or factors in the success of ICM: PEMSEA sites application • Partnership among stakeholders; • An effective local government governance mechanism; • On-the-ground action to manage various sustainable development concerns; • The ICM cycle of development, implementation and continuous improvement; • Acommon State of the Coasts monitoring system relevant to local and international sustainable development targets; and • An ICM Code to provide guidance and international standards in quality and environmental management.

6. On-the-ground activities using the ICM process and framework • In Sihanoukville, Cambodia: Community solid waste management, Water conservation • In Chonburi, Thailand: Conserving gravid blue crabs in “condominiums”; Sea turtle conservation hatchery • In Bali, Indonesia: Strong multi-sectoral law enforcement; Award incentives for sustainable tourism practices • In Danang, Viet Nam: Environmental city master plan and urban greening; Master Plan for ICM in 14 provinces • In Batangas, Philippines: Public-private partnerships for pollution reduction; MPA and “Bantay Dagat” (volunteer enforcers) Network; Nationwide Executive Order 533 on ICM • In Xiamen, China: Sea use zoning and use fees; Environmental rehabilitation and restocking; Phase-out and compensation of unsustainable fisheries; Integrated enforcement ; Nationwide scaling up of Sea Area Use Law

7. On ICM approach and MPA as a tool to achieve Aichi Targets* • Using the “Integratedness” of Integrated Coastal Management to achieve the Aichi target; e.g. Integrating sustainable use and MPAs; integrating MPAs into land and sea use plans etc. • Using the Aichi targets to review ICM practices, programmes and projects to evaluate its contribution to achieving these global targets; What and how do ICM initiatives contribute to meeting the nation’s international commitments? • Developing indicators for ICM practices and programmes to demonstrate ICM”s contribution to meeting the Aichi targets (e.g., how ICM is reflected in national planning and reporting processes and National Biodiversity Strategy Action Plans • Establishing networks of MPAs involving different kinds of MPAs as well as non-area-based measures should be combined appropriately, so that they could produce synergetic effects at the national and regional levels (e.g., addressing non-area based concerns such as management of migratory species). *Outcome of EAS Congress 2012: Session on Using ICM as a Tool to Achieve the Aichi Targets.

8. Fisheries Management: Regulations on fisheries are important as well as regulations on activities that lead to habitat loss as important element of MPAs. Fishing fleet management and seasonal timing to close fisheries as well as species specific fishery management; Ecosystems-based approaches in fishery management should take into account locating fishery sanctuaries and expanding area coverage for improved production and connectivity. • Co-management, or sharing of responsibilities for resources management between local constituencies and government agencies, is considered a useful mechanism for sustainable use of fishery resources and MPA management. Partnerships, coordination and engaging other key stakeholders • Engaging a wider range of stakeholders, thinking out of the box and preaching to the non-converted to impart ICM as an approach to achieve Aichi Targets ; Partnership building at regional, sub-regional, and MPA levels with international organizations,; Enhancing regional sharing of knowledge and information on MPAs Replicating best practices on community-based MPA management to complement the conventional approach of MPA management ICM, Aichi Targets and the Blue Economy  • Developing a “Blue economy” which contribute to addressing harmful subsidies and promoting positive incentives for biodiversity conservation; Making the “Blue economy” contribute to implementing biodiversity friendly production plans and taking action to ensure that the “blue economy” can contribute to tempering a dominant global consumption pattern that needs to take into consideration “ecological limits” of coastal systems.

9. Thank you!