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The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan

The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan. Mr. Ornstein Willow Canyon High School IB History of the Americas. Answer:. Who Developed the Idea of Containment? How did Containment Work?. Greece and Turkey. Pro-Western Governments in Greece and Turkey were on the Verge of Collapse

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The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan

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  1. The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan Mr. Ornstein Willow Canyon High School IB History of the Americas

  2. Answer: • Who Developed the Idea of Containment? • How did Containment Work?

  3. Greece and Turkey • Pro-Western Governments in Greece and Turkey were on the Verge of Collapse • USSR wants Turkish Territory • Soviets Support Communists in Greek Civil War

  4. Great Britain • Before WWII Great Britain Supported Greece and Turkey Militarily and Financially. • Winter 1946-47 Can No Longer Afford to Support the Greeks and Turks

  5. The Fear • Greece and Turkey Would Fall to Soviet/Communist Influence • Near East and North Africa Were Now at Risk

  6. The Truman Doctrine • March 12, 1947 • Policy is Announced

  7. The Truman Doctrine • 400 Million Dollars in Aid to Greece and Turkey • US Will Give Military and Financial Aid to Nations Fighting Communism

  8. The Truman Doctrine • Moral Gauntlet • Bargaining over Territory is Out of the Question • Conflict is Democracy vs. Totalitarianism • Free Peoples vs. Oppressed • Soviet Union Must Change its Policy or its System Must Collapse

  9. Who was George Marshall? • Chief of the Army During WWII • Sec. of State Under Truman • Well Respected

  10. Conditions in Europe • Economic Conditions were Bad in Europe After WWII • Fear that Communism Could Spread in the poor Economic Conditions • Helping Europe Recovery=Containing Communism

  11. European Recovery Act/Marshall Plan

  12. European Recovery Program/Marshall Plan • Announced at Harvard on June 5, 1947 • Stops Communism by attacking poverty, hunger, despair • 13 Billion/Equal to 100 Billion Today • Not Straight Cash/Credits to Purchase • Aid Offered to Stalin

  13. Marshall Plan

  14. Stalin and the Marshall Plan • Stalin Refuses to Accept Money • Does Not Allow “Iron Curtain Countries” to accept either • Isolates Communist Bloc Even More • Tightens Control on Eastern Europe

  15. Success of the Marshall Plan • Western European Economies Improve Greatly • 16 Countries Helped • 25% Improvements in Some Countries • European Industries recover: chemical, engineering, steel • Reduces poverty • Increases cooperation between Western Europe and the United States • Communism Never Gets Popular

  16. Criticisms/Revisionist • Did Truman Show a True Picture of the Communist Threat in Greece and Turkey? • Did Truman Provoke Stalin? • Was Truman Looking to Save his Poll Numbers?

  17. Criticisms/Conservative • Did Truman Unconstitutionally Increase Presidential Power? • Did Laissez-faire Capitalism Help Western Europe more than the Marshall Plan? • What is one revisionist criticism of the Truman Doctrine?

  18. Ticket Out the Door • What was the goal of the Marshall Plan? • What two countries were helped by the Truman Doctrine?

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