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CSC 2260 Operating Systems and Networks

CSC 2260 Operating Systems and Networks. Chapter 3 Fall 2008 Dr. Chuck Lillie. Chapter. Windows NT Workstation 4.0. 3. Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Overview Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT problems.

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CSC 2260 Operating Systems and Networks

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  1. CSC 2260Operating Systems and Networks Chapter 3 Fall 2008 Dr. Chuck Lillie

  2. Chapter Windows NT Workstation 4.0 3 Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Overview Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT problems

  3. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Features and Benefits • Limitations of Windows NT • Why is Windows NT Still in Use? • Where Can I Find Windows NT Today? • Hardware and Windows NT

  4. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Features and Benefits • Desktop – same as Windows 95 • An improved user interface • Allows users to create a hierarchy as exemplified by the Start Menu

  5. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Features and Benefits (continued) • File systems • FAT16 • Supports long file names (LFNs)

  6. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Features and Benefits (continued) • File systems (continued) • NT file system version 4 (NTFS4) • More advanced than FAT • Works like a transaction-based database • Avoids using damaged disk space • Requires more disk space for overhead • Supports long file names (LFNs) • Provides folder and file security

  7. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Features and Benefits (continued) • Security • Uses local or domain security accounts • NTFS4 permissions provide security • Stability • More stable than Windows 3.x or Windows 9x • Less chance of losing data

  8. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Features and Benefits (continued) • Memory • Can access up to 4GB of memory addresses • The virtual memory manager (VMM) swaps programs and data in and out of memory • VMM uses a swap file for virtual memory

  9. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Features and Benefits (continued) • Software compatibility • Windows Applications & DOS Applications • Applications run in subsystems • 32-bit Windows applications run in the Win32 subsystem • DOS and Win 3.x Apps run in VDMs inWin32

  10. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Features and Benefits (continued) • Software compatibility(continued) • OS/2 and POSIX Applications • Simulated environments for these applications • OS/2 subsystem simulates an old version of OS/2 • POSIX1 subsystem simulates POSIX1

  11. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • The Limitations of Windows NT • Hard drive limits • The Windows NT setup program can only create a maximum hard disk partition size of 4GB • Windows NT and the Latest Hardware • Limited hardware support • It does not support plug and play • Windows NT and Legacy Software • Some DOS and 16-bit Windows-based applications do not work in NT’s VDMs

  12. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Why is Windows NT 4.0 Still in Use? • Backward compatibility • An organization owning a license for Windows NT can continue to use the same license when old computers are replaced

  13. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Where Can I Find Windows NT 4.0 Today? • Windows NT Workstation 4.0 no longer available from Microsoft • Unsupported product as of June 30, 2004 • Technical support information on the Microsoft web site

  14. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Hardware and Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Requirements • Intel/Microsoft standard computer • SMP support for two processors • Old minimums VERY minimal

  15. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Hardware and Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Ideal Hardware Configuration • Intel Pentium processor • 128 MB of RAM • 2 to 4 GB of hard disk space • CD-ROM drive • SVGA or higher resolution video adapter • Microsoft mouse

  16. Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Hardware and Windows NT Workstation 4.0 • Compatible Products • Check Windows Quality Online Services at winqual.microsoft.com/download/default.asp • Download the HCL

  17. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Upgrade vs. Clean Installation • Upgrade • Installing a new OS on top of an existing OS • Clean Installation • Installing a new OS onto a complete emptyhard disk

  18. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Upgrade vs. Clean Installation (continued) • The Reality of Upgrading • Installed applications may be incompatible with the new OS or need to be uninstalled or disabled before beginning upgrade • Installed device may not be supported by NT • Research before upgrading

  19. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Upgrade vs. Clean Installation (continued) • The Reality of a Clean Installation • Repartitioning and reformatting will destroy previous master boot record—a good thing • A manual clean installation is a lot of work • Scripted installs and images are for advanced clean install methods

  20. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Select and Prepare the Hardware • Ensure that hardware is compatible, properly installed, and connected • The setup program will prepare the hard disk

  21. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Determine Service Pack and Updates to Use • Programmers create software fixes, called patches or updates • Critical updates are patches that solve security problems or those that can cause major failures

  22. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Determine Service Pack and Updates to Use (continued) • What do I need and where do I look? • Updates bundled into a service pack • Windows NT’s service packs numbered through Service Pack 6a • Plus Post-SP6a Security Rollup Package (SRP) • www.microsoft.com/ntworkstation

  23. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Determine the Method of Installation • Manual installation requires a user to provide the necessary information and respond to messages during the entire process

  24. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.01 Creating the Windows NT 4.0 Setup Disks from Windows or DOS Page 107

  25. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Determine the Method of Installation (continued) • Automated installation involves scripts to answer the questions asked by the Setup program. Requires training and planning • WINNT and WINNT32 Setup Programs • Use in Windows scripted automated install • Use in some manual installations • Use from DOS or Windows to install over a network • WINNT for DOS or Windows 3.x • WINNT32 for all newer versions of Windows

  26. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Determine Method of Installation (continued) • A common strategy • Install using the generic drivers • After successful installation, install the manufacturers’ drivers

  27. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Gather the Materials Needed for Installation • Obtain correct drivers • For a network installation, prepare source files • For installation from CD, have source CD ready • If unable to boot from CD, have setup disks • Have a blank floppy disk on hand as an ERD

  28. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.02 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Page 110

  29. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Perform Post-Installation Tasks • Copy distribution files to the hard drive • Verify Network Access • Install service packs • Check for the latest updates • The WINVER program displays Windows version, license, amount of memory available, and the service pack level

  30. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Perform Post-Installation Tasks (continued) • Windows NT 4.0 Service Packs • Updating Windows NT—Method 1 • SP6a Express download requires IE 3 or greater • IE 6 upgrade requires SP6a! • Updating Windows NT—Method 2 • SP6a Network Download (34.5MB) • After installing, reconnect and upgrade IE

  31. InstallingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.03 Installing Service Packs Page 115

  32. Customizing and ManagingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Create a New Hard Disk Partition • A partition defines boundaries • Two types: primary and extended • Primary partition: a single volume • Extended partition: multiple volumes

  33. Customizing and ManagingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Create a New Hard Disk Partition (continued) • A hard disk can have a total of four partitions, but the number of extended partitions cannot exceed one • The Disk Administrator tool is used for creating and managing disks in Windows NT

  34. Customizing and ManagingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.04 Creating a New Partition Page 117

  35. Customizing and ManagingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Install and Remove Apps and Components • Apps often have installation programs • Best to use app’s install/uninstall program • Add/Remove Programs applet can be used for installing and uninstalling applications and Windows components

  36. Customizing and ManagingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.05 Using Add/Remove Programs to Install Applications Page 120

  37. Customizing and ManagingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Prepare the Desktop for Users • Users WILL customize the desktop • Respect the ‘chair/keyboard interface’

  38. Customizing and ManagingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.06 Customizing the Desktop Page 122

  39. Customizing and ManagingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 • Creating and Managing a Local Printer • A local printer can be used only after the printer driver is installed • Only the Administrator or a member of the Administrators group can install a printer driver

  40. Customizing and ManagingWindows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.07 Installing a Printer Driver from the Windows NT CD Page 125

  41. Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems • Proactive Tasks • Create Backups • Keep the NT Repair Disk up-to-date • Find Sources of Help • www.microsoft.com • Windows Help program

  42. Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems Step-by-Step 3.08 Finding Help in Windows NT Page 128

  43. Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems • When Problems Sneak Up on You • Possible causes of “bit-creep” • Clutter and Fragmentation of hard drive • Solution • Delete files in the TEMP and TemporaryInternet Files folders • Defragment

  44. Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems Step-by-Step 3.09 Removing Temporary Files Page 130

  45. Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems • When Problems Sneak Up on You (continued) • Using the Emergency Repair Disk • Boot to the Windows NT 4.0 setup program • Press R at the Welcome screen • Select deselect actions • Follow on-screen instructions • At completion, remove disks and restart

  46. TroubleshootingCommon Windows NT 4.0 Problems • The Blue Screen Of Death (BSOD) • A feature, not a bug • Stop-error screen is result of OS instability • OS stops and displays error message on blue screen • Info on first few lines are clues to cause

  47. TroubleshootingCommon Windows NT 4.0 Problems • The Blue Screen Of Death (continued) • What can cause a BSOD? • Applications with access to the kernel • Bad device drivers • The Recovery settings on the Startup/Shut-down tab of the System applet in the control panel can be used for configuring the behavior of the computer after a BSOD error

  48. Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems • The Blue Screen Of Death (continued) • Solve by Observation and Research • Stop code and description • Search www.microsoft.com/technet • Preparing for the BSOD • Change Recovery settings • Write an event to the system log • Send an administrative alert • Automatically reboot

  49. Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems • Stalled Print Job • A print job does not print at all or only partially prints; then stalls • Solution: stop and restart print spooler

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