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Rise of New Leaders and Ideas in Europe during the 1930s

Rise of New Leaders and Ideas in Europe during the 1930s. Who Would You Vote For?. Contestant #1 I am a womanizer, have self-interested policies and unfortunately suffer from ailing health. Contestant #2 I have a drinking habit and a defiant tongue or attitude.

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Rise of New Leaders and Ideas in Europe during the 1930s

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  1. Rise of New Leaders and Ideas in Europe during the 1930s

  2. Who Would You Vote For? Contestant #1 I am a womanizer, have self-interested policies and unfortunately suffer from ailing health. Contestant #2I have a drinking habit and a defiant tongue or attitude Contestant #3I am a decorated war hero, do not drink and want to create a stable economy

  3. Who Did You Vote For? Contestant #3 Contestant #2 Contestant #1

  4. Black Tuesday 1929- stock market crashes Treaty of Versailles Great Depressionduring 1930s Totalitarianism Increasing influence of new political parties that emphasize state control-For example: Communism, Nazism, Fascism Total Controlof State by aDictator

  5. Totalitarianism • Definition: A government that establishes complete control of all aspects of the state (political, military, economy, social, cultural) • Highly nationalistic (flags, salutes, rallies, uniforms) • Military state (secret police, army, military) • Censorship (opposing literature and ideas) • Propaganda (media – radio, newspapers, posters) • One leader (dictator); charismatic • Total conformity of people to ideas and leade

  6. Nazism Communism Fascism Totalitarianism *These theories, specifically Communism and Fascism, are completely different theories that are bitterly opposed; however they exhibit the same behavior

  7. Communism I am Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union from 1922-1953. What is Communism? • LEFT WING • based on theory by Karl Marx • revolutionary idea of a political, economic and social system that creates a “classless society” • state ownership and control of the means of production (no private ownership) • Soviet Communism or “Stalinism”, was more of a totalitarian and military state combined with elements of communism

  8. Fascism I am Benito Mussolini the leader (Il Duce) of Italy from 1922 to 1943. What is Fascism? • RIGHT WING • intense nationalism and elitism • totalitarian control • interests of the state more important than individual rights • maintain class system and private ownership Interesting Fact: Fascism name was derived from the fasces, an ancient Roman symbol of authority consisting of a bundle of rods and an ax

  9. Nazism I am Adolf Hitler the leader (der Fuhrer) or dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945. What is Nazism? • extremely fascist , nationalistic and totalitarian • based on beliefs of the National Socialist German Workers Party • belief in the racial superiority of the Aryan, the “master race” • belief that all Germans should have “lebensraum” or living space in Europe • Violent hatred towards Jews and blamed Germany’s problems on them

  10. Militarism I am Hideki Tojo the Prime Minister of Japan from 1941 to 1944. What is Militarism? • extremely fascist , nationalistic and militaristic • Nicknamed the Razor for his sharp mind and quick decision making • Aggressiveness with the threat of military power • Responsible for the attacks on Pearl Harbor • Attempted to commit suicide before his arrest

  11. Nazi Military State • GESTAPO: the Secret State Police • SS(Schutzstaffel): Defense Corps “black shirts”, an elite guard unit formed out of the SA • SA (Sturmabteilung):Stormtroopers"brown-shirts" early private Nazi army that protected leaders and opposed rival political parties • Lebensraum (living space): concept that emphasized need for territorial expansion of Germany into east

  12. Policy of Appeasement Appeasement • willingness to surrender to an aggressors’ demands to avoid war How was it used prior to World War II? • Acceptance that Hitler could not be stopped and needed to be negotiated with (even at the expense of the smaller independent countries) • Accepted because of sympathy and guilt felt by Britain and USA of unjust Treaty of Versailles Reality • Blindness to true nature of Hitler’s agenda program for Eastern Europe • Irony= policy used to avoid war but empowered Hitler to continue his aggressive campaign . The only way to stop Hitler was to declare war.

  13. STEPS TO WAR How did World War II begin? How did appeasement contribute to World War II?http://www.markville.ss.yrdsb.edu.on.ca/history/history/quotes.pdf

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