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Energy: Forms and Changes

Energy: Forms and Changes. Chapter 16. Energy:. is the ability to do work is measured in joules (J). Objects can gain energy when work is done on them. There are five different forms of energy. Mechanical Heat Chemical Electromagnetic Nuclear. Mechanical. Energy of motion. Heat.

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Energy: Forms and Changes

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  1. Energy: Forms and Changes Chapter 16

  2. Energy: • is the ability to do work • is measured in joules (J)

  3. Objects can gain energy when work is done on them

  4. There are five different forms of energy • Mechanical • Heat • Chemical • Electromagnetic • Nuclear

  5. Mechanical Energy of motion

  6. Heat • Internal motion of atoms • The greater the motion, the more heat the object contains

  7. Heat Energy

  8. Chemical Energy found in the bonds of atoms Released when those bonds are broken

  9. Chemical Energy

  10. Electromagnetic Moving electrical charge

  11. Electromagnetic Energy

  12. Nuclear or nuclei join (fusion) Nucleus in atom break apart (fission)

  13. Nuclear Energy

  14. Energy can be classified as either kinetic or potential • kinetic is the energy of movement • potential is the energy of position or shape

  15. Energy of position or shape • Energy is stored for later use

  16. If potential energy depends upon height (gravity), then formula is:GPE = weight X height(weight = mass X gravity constant) If a 10 N rock is sitting on a wall 10 meters high, what is its potential energy?

  17. Kinetic Energy (KE) = mass X velocity2 2 Which affects KE the most – mass or velocity?

  18. Kinetic or Potential Energy

  19. Energy Conversions Like matter, energy is neither created nor destroyed by ordinary means; however, it can be changed from one form to another. All forms of energy can be converted to other forms.

  20. Potential to Kinetic Conversions

  21. At this position, is there kinetic and/or potential energy?

  22. How many different ways can the sun’s energy be converted? How many different conversions of energy occur when one uses a hairdryer at home.

  23. Energy Conversion

  24. Einstein1905 Part of Einstein’s theory of relativity deals with the concept that mass and energy are directly related.

  25. He stated that mass and energy can be converted into each other. If matter is destroyed, it becomes energy and energy can become mass. This is the theory of how the sun creates so much energy – some mass is destroyed causing much energy to be created.

  26. E = mc2

  27. How does energy relate to: • speed? • more energy, more speed • momentum? • energy is transferred • force? • energy needed to change motion • power? • rate of energy consumed • work? • energy is conserved (input vs output)

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