Recap: Vowels & Consonants

1. Recap: Vowels & Consonants V – central “sound” of the syllableC – outer “shell” of the syllable (C) V (C) (C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)(C)

2. Recap: Vowels & Consonants V – central “sound” of the syllableC – outer “shell” of the syllable

3. Syllabic Consonants V – central “sound” of the syllableC – outer “shell” of the syllable LPD button little teacher

4. Consonants • 3 features: • Manner • Place • Voicing

5. Consonants: 3 phonetic features 1 Manner of Articulation How much constriction? plosive: completely blocked fricative: partly blocked affricate: plosive + fricative approximant: slightly hindered nasalization Does the air flow through both the nose and the mouth, or just the mouth?

6. Consonants: 3 phonetic features 2 Place of Articulation Where in the mouth does the constriction occur? What parts of the mouth are involved (lips, teeth, tongue, roof of the mouth)?

7. Consonants: 3 phonetic features 2 Place of Articulation bilabial labiodental dental alveolar palatal velar glottal

8. Consonants: 3 phonetic features 2 Place of Articulation Plosives: bilabial alveolar (palatal) velar

9. Consonants:plosives The following slides were made using Daniel Currie Hall’s website at http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~danhall/phonetics/sammy.html

10. Consonants: 3 phonetic features 2 Place of Articulation Plosives: bilabial alveolar (palatal) velar

11. Consonants: 3 phonetic features 2 Place of Articulation Plosives: bilabial alveolar (palatal) velar

12. Consonants: 3 phonetic features 2 Place of Articulation Plosives: bilabial alveolar (palatal) velar

13. Consonants: 3 phonetic features 2 Place of Articulation Plosives: bilabial alveolar (palatal) velar

14. Consonants: 3 phonetic features 3 Voicing Are the vocal chords vibrating or not? REMEMBER THE TERMS FORTIS and LENIS (at least until the next slideshow)

15. The six RP plosives Features: unvoiced bilabial stop p

16. The six RP plosives Features: voiced bilabial stop b

17. The six RP plosives Features: unvoiced alveolar stop t

18. The six RP plosives Features: voiced alveolar stop d

19. The six RP plosives Features: unvoiced velar stop k

20. The six RP plosives Features: voiced velar stop g

21. Recap: Plosives bilabial alveolar (palatal) velar

22. Places of articulation: fricatives labiodental dental alveolar post-alveolar palato-alveolar

23. Features: unvoiced bilabial stop p pipe

24. Features: voiced bilabial stop b baby

25. (Features: unvoiced bilabial fricative)

26. (Features: voiced bilabial fricative) vamos

27. Features: unvoiced labiodental fricative f fine, life

28. Features: voiced labiodental fricative v very clever

29. Features: unvoiced dental fricative think

30. Features: voiced dental fricative ð this

31. Features: unvoiced alveolar stop t tart

32. Features: voiced alveolar stop d did

33. Features: unvoiced alveolar fricative s sea

34. Features: voiced alveolar fricative z zero

35. Features: unvoiced postalveolar fricative she, pressure

36. Features: voiced postalveolar fricative measure

37. Features: unvoiced glottal fricative h home

40. Wells, under “Articulation”

41. f,v

42. f,v

43. =þ ,ð

44. ð

45. Affricates • There are no affricates in Icelandic, but if you’ve mastered the post-alveolar fricatives they should cause no problems chess fortis Jess lenis

46. Affricates Don’t forget to make a clear distinction between the fortis and lenis forms: rich - ridge larch – large search – surge • not only with the voicing of , • but also by clipping caused by

47. SIBILANTS

48. sea ship zero measure churchjudge

49. sea ship zero measure churchjudge sí sjipp seró mesjúr tsörts dsöds

50. Problems with sibilants • Icelandic has only 1 sibilant: • English has 4: and two afficates: