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Database Management Systems

Database Management Systems. Jagannathan S / Oct 2010. Disclaimer. Content presented here do not represent the views of Hewlett Packard Company. These are the perspectives and views of the presenter. Why a DBMS ?. Provides an easy way for Modeling/designing structured data

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Database Management Systems

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  1. Database Management Systems Jagannathan S / Oct 2010

  2. Disclaimer Content presented here do not represent the views of Hewlett Packard Company. These are the perspectives and views of the presenter

  3. Why a DBMS ? • Provides an easy way for • Modeling/designing structured data • Accessing this structured data – Query language and indexing for fast search • Multiple users to edit shared data without compromising data integrity – ACID Transactions • Eliminates redundancies in storing shared data

  4. Evolution of DBMS

  5. DBMS – The Big Players Open Source DBMS Offerings Commercial DBMS Offerings Most common Operating Environments for DBMS are : Windows, Unix and Linux Source: IDC Embedded DBMS Forecast – Jan 2010

  6. Evolution of • Server / Computing • Storage Technologies and Hardware • Networking Speeds • DBMS Technologies Enablers • Backed up by a proven mathematical model • Business Applications • The de facto standard for backend of internet applications • SQL Standard / Programmer community • SQL Abstraction Paradigm – JDBC, Hibernate etc DBMS Feature Evolution • Demands from • Application evolution • Data Security and Protection • Data Growth • High availability and Internet adoption Challenges / Drivers

  7. Early Microprocessors • End-user terminals • Direct-attached Storage • Standalone tape drives • Early LAN Enablers DBMS Features 1970s • SQL Execution • ACID Transactions • Import / Export • Simple Applications • Backup & Restore Challenges / Drivers

  8. 32 bit CPUs • SATA Disk Drives / RAID • Tape autoloaders • Volume Management • Mainstream LAN • SQL Programmer community Enablers DBMS Features 1980s • Basic Clustering • Basic Security / Audits • Distributed queries • On-line backup • Row-level Locking • Business applications • High availability • Basic security • High performance • Distributed use models • Growth in data Challenges / Drivers

  9. 64 bit CPUs • Disk Arrays • Encryption and compression • Tape libraries • Early NAS • LAN/ WAN/ 1Gbps • OOAD • Multi-pathing Enablers DBMS Features • Stored Procedures, Triggers • Advanced Security • Database Replication • Parallel Query • Non-structured Data Types • 64-bit / Large memory support • Object Relational DBMS • Table Partitioning • Advanced backup/recovery 1990s • Internet adoption • Online commerce / 24X7 availability • Java • Compliance needs and data archival needs • Early content management Challenges / Drivers

  10. Multi-core CPUs / Grid computing • Server and storage virtualization • SAS Disk arrays • QoS • Deduplication / D2D2T • Thin provisioning • 10Gbps n/w Enablers DBMS Features • Java and XML support • Advanced Clustering • Table compression • OLAP Support • Grid Computing • Column Partitioning • Parallel backups/recovery • Advanced Manageability • Large database support 2000s • Information Lifecycle management • Explosive digital content growth • Virtually zero backup windows • Shared hardware • Global organizations • Early SaaS / Cloud applications Challenges / Drivers

  11. Cloud hardware • Solid State Drives • Tiered Storage and Storage Pooling • CDP • iSCSI • 100Gbps n/w • Heuristics / learning/ AI • Green IT Enablers DBMS Features • Datawarehousing Databases • Key Value Databases • Cloud Service Databases • Move from ACID to BASE • Non-SQL query language Beyond… • Unstructured Data Explosion • Mainstream SaaS / Cloud usage models • Real time BI / DSS • Zero Admin • Software Appliances • “Green” requirements Challenges / Drivers

  12. Did you know ? • Oracle was started in 1977 – it was the name of a project that Larry Ellison completed even after it was scrapped! • The recording density for data — aka capacity — has increased 60,000,000-fold in 50 years! • The amount of worldwide information is projected to be 988 exabytes by end of 2010! An Exabyte is a million terabytes • The magnetic HDD is 50 years old. In 1956 IBM introduced 305 RAMAC which was the size of a refrigerator, and stored a total of 4.4 megabytes on 50 doubled-sided, two-foot-diameter disks. The disk had a purchase price of $10,000,000 per Gbyte and weighed over a tonne! • Global digital information doubles every 18 months! • FaceBook is one of the largest MySQL installations world-wide!

  13. Q & A

  14. Backup

  15. OLTP vs OLAP Databases

  16. DBMS vs RDBMS • DBMS • Needs to be Persistent • Needs to provide uniform interfaces to applications • Need not impose ACID constraints of the database • RDBMS also • Needs to support a tabular structure to comply to “Relational” theory • Needs to enforce relationships between tables • Needs to enforce ACID constraints on the database

  17. Datawarehouse DBMS Magic Quadrant – Gartner 2010

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