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The Weimar Republic 1919-1933

The Weimar Republic 1919-1933. Doomed from the beginning?. Origins. Growing discontent among the German people resulted in a revolutionary situation in October of 1918. The Kaiser abdicated and fled. Germany was declared a republic on November 9, 1918.

yael-emerson
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The Weimar Republic 1919-1933

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  1. The Weimar Republic1919-1933 Doomed from the beginning?

  2. Origins • Growing discontent among the German people resulted in a revolutionary situation in October of 1918. • The Kaiser abdicated and fled. Germany was declared a republic on November 9, 1918. • However, the revolution was not unified and several factions had different aims/agendas. • A Spartacist uprising caused chaos in Berlin, therefore the small town Weimar hosted the first meeting of the newly elected National Constituent Assembly in February 1919. • Thus, the Weimar Republic was born.

  3. Proclamation of the Republic November 9, 1918

  4. Immediate Problems facing the young Weimar Republic • 2.5 million deaths from the war and 4 million wounded • Hostile view of the new government • “Stab in the back” myth – November Criminals • Economic woes • Result of the Treaty of Versailles

  5. 3 Phases of the Weimar Republic • The Years of Crisis (1919-1923) • Ineffective Constitution • Article 48 gives the president vast “emergency powers • Proportional voting means lot of small, powerless parties – prevented one party from getting a majority • Rebellions • Groups such as the Spartacists led revolts and rebellions throughout the German territory • Putsch • Invasion and Inflation • France invaded the Ruhr Valley – workers went on strike, hyperinflation caused by money printed to pay strikers

  6. The Years of Stability/Prosperity (1924-1929) • Freikorps and army successfully put down Communist revolts • Gustav Stresemann named Chancellor • Negotiated the Dawes Plan and Young Plan • Controlled inflation • Persuaded French to leave Ruhr Valley • Encouraged economic growth • Introduced reforms to help ordinary people

  7. The Years of Collapse (1930-1933) • Great Depression caused by US Stock Market Crash • German dependence on American loans results in shutdown of businesses and mass unemployment • Extreme parties gain support • Nazi party grows tremendously in membership and Reichstag seats • Nazi leader Adolf Hitler named Chancellor January 1933.

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