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Indirect Commands ( Jussive Noun Clauses)

Indirect Commands ( Jussive Noun Clauses). Wheelock Chapter 36. What command forms do you know so far?. Imperatives Duc m ē ! Sequere tē ! Nolī amāre ! Jussive/Hortatory Subjunctives Moneāmus filiōs ! Cēdat mālae ! Sequāmur imperatorem !. What forms of Indirect Speech do we know?.

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Indirect Commands ( Jussive Noun Clauses)

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  1. Indirect Commands (Jussive Noun Clauses) Wheelock Chapter 36

  2. What command forms do you know so far? • Imperatives • Ducmē! • Sequeretē! • Nolīamāre! • Jussive/Hortatory Subjunctives • Moneāmusfiliōs! • Cēdatmālae! • Sequāmurimperatorem!

  3. What forms of Indirect Speech do we know? • Indirect statement • Dicitsēmoxventurumesse. • He says that he will come soon. • What is the formula? • Head verb + subject accusative + verb infinitive • Indirect question • Rogatnumsciāsfilium. • He asks whether you know (his) son. • What is the formula? • Question verb + subjunctive

  4. Indirect Command (IDC) • Indirect command is (surprise, surprise) a secondhand imperative • Formula: • Command/advice verb (hortor, impero, etc.) • Ut/ne • Subjunctive (translated with ‘to’ or ‘not to’) • Like IDQ, IDC will follow sequence of tenses!

  5. Examples • Hocfacite! (Direct Command w/Imper.) • Do this! • Imperōvōbīsut hoc faciātis (INDIRECT COMMAND) • Command verb= impero • Ut • Subjunctive • I command you all to do this • What case is vobis and why? • Domīnusnautīsimperatutad īnsulamnāvigent. • The master orders the sailorsto sail to the island. • Caesar militēssuōshortātusestuthostēsvincerent. • Caesar urged his soldiers to conquer their enemies. • Lēxnōsmonetnēcivēsnostrōsinterficiamus. • The law warns us not to kill our citizens

  6. IDC Verbs • Any time you see any of these verbs you should put up a red flag for a possible IDC! hortoreumut… I urge him to… moneoeos ne… I warn them not to… oroeamut… I beg her to… rogovosut… I ask y’all to… imperoei ne… I order him not to… DATIVE V persuadeoeiut… I persuade him to… DATIVE V petoabte ne… I beg you not to… WITH A/AB quaeroabeāut… I request her to… WITH A/AB • Volo, maloand nolo can also take IDC but NOT iubeo

  7. Another oddball verb- Fio, fieri, factus sum • Fiois a common irregular verb meaning to be done, to occur, to happen • It is used as the passiveform for facioin the PRESENTsystem ONLY. • The perfect forms are identical with the perfect passive forms of facio. • Essentially, it acts something like a reverse-deponent: active endings / passive meanings

  8. Fio, fieri, factus sum—the present systemto occur, happen, become, be done, be made Pr. Ind. Impf. Ind. Fut. Ind. Pres. Subj. Impf. Subj. Fīō Fīs Fit Fīmus Fītis Fīunt Fīēbam Fīēbās Fīēbat Fīēbāmus Fīēbātis Fīēbant Fīam Fīēs Fīet Fīēmus Fīētis Fīent Fīam Fīās Fīat Fīāmus Fīātis Fīant Fierem Fierēs Fieret Fierēmus Fierētis Fierent Fī Fīte Imperatives:

  9. Examples • Hocfacit (facio): He does this. Hocfit (fio): This is done. • Hocfiat:Let this be done. • Dicunthoc fieri: They say that this is done. • Periculumfitgravius: The danger becomes graver.

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