Attributive Clause 定语从句

1. Attributive Clause 定语从句

2. 定语从句 The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句 定语从句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句

3. 限制性定语从句的构成 The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for . I visited the factory where my father works. 1.从句位置及语序: 先行词之后,用陈述式语序 2.翻译方法: “….的” 关系代词 关系副词 3.构成 关系词

4. 先行词和关系词的关系 1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. 4.The school where I study is far from my home. the machine = that 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 the boy=who the boy’s=whose 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 in the school= where/in which 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词

5. 先行词和关系词的关系 Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.

6. 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. a machine the machine

7. 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. a machine that /which

8. 关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday. Who/that we saw yesterday is Green. The lady her

9. 关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以： √ √ √ √ × √ √ √ × √ √ √ × √ √ × 做宾语时可以省略 何时可以省略？

10. 关系代词的用法练习 1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. The friend who/ thathe came to supper last night was not hungry. He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parent’s farm. The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious. I don’t like the people that / who they smoke a lot.

11. 关系副词和先行词的关系 I still remember the daywhen I came here. This is the housewhere I lived last year. There are many reasonswhy people like traveling. I don’t like the waythat you speak. on the day =when/on which in the house= where/in which for the reasons =why/for which in the way =that/in which 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词

12. 几种易混的情况 1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together. 2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late. 6.This is the reason _____________________ he gave. when /in which which 及物动词 where/ in which which 及物动词 why/ for which that/which 及物动词

13. the reason why和the reason that的区别 • the reason why——这就是为什么。。。。的原因，是针对前面的疑问或情况进行阐述，表明最直接，最主要的原因。 • the reason that——原因是，表示一部分或全部原因，可以是直接的也可以是间接的次要原因。why和that都引导了reason的定语从句，但是一般我们从句意上分析，如果表示的是“做什么事的原因”之类，就用why；如果是“事情本身引起的原因”之类，就用that。例如： • This is the reason that he told me yesterday. • that在从句中充当宾语。 • This is the reason why table tennis is popular in China. • why=for which在从句中充当状语。 • This is the reason that table tennis is popular in China. • that在从句中不充当成分，引导同位语从句。

14. 难用的 whose Join the following pair of sentences. The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class. The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class. whose=the student’s 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格

15. 难用的 whose Join the following pair of sentences. The house is mine. The window of the house is broken. The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house’s window the window of which is broken The house is mine. of which the window is broken

16. 非限制性定语从句 Please compare: Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. The town where I live is beautiful. Hangzhou, where I live, is beautiful. 修饰限定 不能 ….的 插入成分 补充解释 能

17. 分析两种定语从句省略后的结果 Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.

18. 分析两种定语从句省略后的结果 The town where I live is beautiful. Hangzhou, where I live, is beautiful. 限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确， 所以不能省略

19. 非限制性定语从句和单句的比较 which 1.I am reading Harry Porter, _____is an interesting book. 2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry. This which ×that 4.He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers. them whom

20. as 引导的非限制性定语从句 It The earth is round._____ is known to all. The earth is round,_____ is known to all. _____ is known to all, the earth is round ______ is known to all thatthe earth is round. which / as As 定语从句在句首时只能用as, It as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected

21. as 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1) Please compare: This is the same bookas I lost. This is the same book that I lost. 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。 这本书就是我丢的那本。

22. as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2) Please complete the following sentences and compare: as This is such an interesting book ____ we all like. This is so interesting a book _____ we all like. This is such an interesting book ____we all like it. This is so interesting a book ____we all like it. as 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句) that that 这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)

23. 介词+关系代词的情况 1 The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away. to in

24. 介词+关系代词的情况 2 Are these two sentences right? The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away. to in

25. 介词+关系代词的情况 3 Are these two sentences right? × The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away. to × in 可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后

26. 介词+关系代词的情况 4 下面两句中的介词能提前吗? Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提前

27. 介词+关系代词的情况 练习 • 1.  Do you like the bookshe spent $10? • 2.  Do you like the book she paid $10? • 3.  Do you like the book she learned a lot? • 4.  Do you like the book she often talks? • 5.  He built a telescope he could study the skies. on which for which from which about which through which

28. under which • 6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. • 7.  China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______ • is the Yellow River. • 8. The tower _______ people can have a good view • is on the hill. • 9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night • is very good at swimming. • 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, • most ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. of which from which to whom of which

29. 只能用that 做关系代词的情况 1.当先行词是不定代词时,如: All ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything等 That’s all (that) I could do at that time. Please just tell me anything (that) you know. 2.当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, any等修饰时 The onlything that she could do was to go to the police for help. This is the very city that I like very much.

30. 只能用that 做关系代词的情况 3.当人和物合做先行词时 The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. 4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best TV set that is made in China. We will never forget the first lesson that our English teacher gave us. 5.在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中 What is the book that they are reading?

31. 只能用which 做关系代词的情况 在非限制性定语从句中 在介词后面

32. Exercise that , which or who? 1.He did all / everything _______he could to help me. 2.This is the verything _______ I am after. 3.We talked about the men and the things _______ we remembered at school. 4.He is the only man _______ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _______ I want to say. 6.He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked with. 7.Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate. 8.Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth. that that that that that that that that

33. that , which ,whose, whom or who? that 9.Is there anything else _______you want to say? 10.Any person _______has the money can join the group. 11.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _______made others upset. 12.He opened the door, in front of _______sat a boy. 13.The man to _______ I spoke is a famous scientist. 14.The boy _______mother is dead was brought up by his father. that which which whom whose

34. 练习题 C 1、All______ is useful to us is good. A、which B、what C、that D、whether

35. D 2、Is this factory ____ we visited last week. A、where B、that C、which D、the one

36. C 3、She will never forget the day_____ she spent in Beijing. A、when B、what C、which D、why

37. D 4、This is the school _______ my father worked 20 years ago. A、that B、when C、which D、where

38. A 5、This is the factory_______we visited last year. A、that B、where C、what D、the one

39. 6、The text is one of the most interesting stories_______learnt in the past three days. B A、that have B、that have been C、which has D、which has been

40. B 7、The college won’t take anyone _____ eyesight is weak. A、who B、whose C、of whom D、which

41. 8、Let me think of a proper situation _______ this sentence can be used. A A、where B、that C、of whom D、which

42. B 9、The man _______ you are talking is in the next room. A、to whom B、about whom C、about who D、whom

43. 10、This is the last factory ___ he used to work at, many workers of _____ still have a good relationship with him. C A、that; it B、which; whom C、that; which D、which; that

44. B 11、Those _____ to take part in the game write down your names. A、who B、who want C、what wants D、want

45. D 12、I，______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am

46. D 13、His walking stick, ____ he can’t walk, was lost yesterday. A、that B、with which C、which D、without which

47. 14、They have decided to finish their work, ______, I think is a wise choice. C A、that B、what C、which D、whether

48. D 15、I don’t like the way _____ he spoke to me. A、by that B、what C、by which D、/

49. C 16、This is the only thing _____ I can do now. A、what B、which C、that D、all

50. 17、There are three libraries in our school, _______ were built five years ago. C A、all of them B、either of them C、all of which D、both of that