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CLIMATE CHANGE, WATER MANAGEMENT, AND FOOD SECURITY IN THE NORTHERN SAVANNAH ECOLOGICAL ZONE

CLIMATE CHANGE, WATER MANAGEMENT, AND FOOD SECURITY IN THE NORTHERN SAVANNAH ECOLOGICAL ZONE. Water Resources Commission Three Dimensional Model (P3DM) Presentation Workshop. RCC _Bolgatanga May 27, 2011. CLIMATE CHANGE. Evidence. Increase in Mean Annual Temperature.

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CLIMATE CHANGE, WATER MANAGEMENT, AND FOOD SECURITY IN THE NORTHERN SAVANNAH ECOLOGICAL ZONE

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  1. CLIMATE CHANGE, WATER MANAGEMENT, AND FOOD SECURITY IN THE NORTHERN SAVANNAH ECOLOGICAL ZONE Water Resources Commission Three Dimensional Model (P3DM) Presentation Workshop. RCC _Bolgatanga May 27, 2011

  2. CLIMATE CHANGE Evidence

  3. Increase in Mean Annual Temperature • Gradual increase in Temp. by 1.9oC

  4. Mean monthly rainfall • Reduction in rainfall over the decades.

  5. Evapotranspiration (Navrongo)

  6. The NSEZ experiences a single rainfall regime in a year from April/May to October with a peak in September. • More than 80% of the total annual rainfall is recorded in just four months (June to Sept) • During the dry season (November to March) there is very little or no rainfall at all

  7. COUPLED WITH

  8. Land use (Cultivating along River banks)

  9. RESULTS IN EXTREME EVENTS

  10. Floods during rainy season

  11. ... And droughts during the dry season

  12. Key Factors in WRM Interactions among these factors determine the environmental quality of the RIVER BASIN POLLUTION PEOPLE WATER RESOURCES POLLUTION DEGRADATION DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENT

  13. IWRM – Linking Water use Sectors CROSS-SECTORAL DIALOGUE Industry & Others Food Eco-system People IWRM WATER USE SECTORS IWRM is the ‘integrating handle’ leading from Sub-sectoral to cross-sectoral water management

  14. Constraining factors in ensuring Food Security: • Soil nutrients • Water • Energy • Capital • Labour • Markets farming systems more resilient to rainfall variability • Increase buffering capacity: • control over water • capital goods: grain, livestock • financial insurance

  15. Conservation and Protection of source • Create a buffer • Keep good soil and water managment practices

  16. Reservoirs xx

  17. Small reservoirs xx

  18. Structural measures: • Multipurpose Dams and reservoirs, • Channel improvements. • Non-structural: flood forecasting and warning; flood plain regulation; development policies (master plans) information and education • Preserving the natural resources of flood plains through flood plain zoning and regulation

  19. Sustainable Water Management for Food Security involves all Metropolitan/ Municipal/District Assembly Nat. res. User group Water User association Basin Management Chiefs & Land Owners Technical Services Farmers and herdsmen NGOs and Civil Society Women’s Groups Research Traditional Authorities Youth

  20. Possible Challenges • Diversity in institutional mandates and interests • Human and Financial Resources • Linking water governance to the MDGs • Administrative boundary thinking and planning • Active involvement of Research • Transboundary water management Issues • Bringing the communities along as partners, is important for sustainability but slow and expensive

  21. Conclusion • Integration of downstream and upstream, quantity and quality, surface water and groundwater issues • Integration of land use and water resources in a practical manner. • Integration of environmental and socio-economic issues into evolving management plans and regulatory decisions. • Facilitates the practical integration of downstream and upstream as well as basin-wide issues • Address the linkages between water resources management and the management of land and other related resources

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