Institute for Social and Environmental Research-Nepal Fulbari, Chitwan

1. Institute for Social and Environmental Research-NepalFulbari, Chitwan Improving Human Lives and Environmental Conditions

2. Introduction • Established in 2001 to address complex challenges on key social and environmental issues facing Nepal through high quality scientific research. • A non-profit, non-partisan, independent non-governmental research and development organization.

3. Introduction Goal To build social and environmental research capacity to improve human lives and environmental conditions through high quality scientific research, policy advocacy, and effective program interventions.

4. Approach A three-pronged, interlinked approach

5. To assess the influence of rapid changes in the ecological context on population processes, with a special emphasis on the process of family formation, urbanization, children's well-being, and population growth. • To assess the influence of changing demographic parameters, particularly related to population growth, migration, and family formation, on the ecological context. Research Goals

6. To train Nepali social scientists in state-of-the-art social and environmental science research methods. • To train social and environmental science students, scholars and researchers in developing context specific research methods . Training Goals

7. To create, strengthen and institutionalize technical capability and research infrastructure for social demographic and environmental research in Nepal. • To develop strong institutional links with Universities and research organizations around the world that will be the basis for cooperative research and training programs. Institutional Goals

8. Priority Areas • Population Dynamics • Population and Environmental Dynamics • Education and Empowerment • Livelihoods Support • Social Justice and Good Governance • Capacity Building

9. Research Programs Environmental Research Programs Social Research Programs

10. SOCIAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS

11. Research Ethics • ISER-N Respects Right to Individual Privacy and Freedom. • Participation in All Research Programs is Voluntary. • All Research Programs are Reviewed and Approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). • Respondent Confidentiality is Maintained in Every Step of Research Processes (Data Collection, Data Entry, and Analysis) with Highest Possible Standards.

12. Research Design Case Controlled Comparison

13. Research Design Multilevel Longitudinal Panel Mixed Method Data Collection Multi Mode Data Collection

14. Multi-level Community Level Household Level Individual Level

15. Longitudinal Panel Community Level Community Level Household Level Household Level Individual Level Individual Level Time 2 Time n Time 1

16. Example of Schooling

17. RESEARCH- METHODS MIXED METHODS: ARCHIVAL ETHNOGRAPHY COGNITIVE INTERVIEW FOCUS GROUP INTERVIEW PURPOSIVE GROUP INTERVIEW INDIVIDUAL – SURVEY, CLINICAL GIS/GPS, REMOTE SENSING CAMARA TRAPING LABORATORY

18. RESEARCH- MODES MIXED MODES: VAST MAJOTIRY FACE TO FACE PAPER AND PENCIL BASED RECENTLY TELEPHONE GIS/GPS, REMOTE SENSING CAMARA TRAPING LABORATORY

19. MEASUREMENT Retrospective Panel Neighborhood History Calendar (NHC) 1950-1995 Neighborhood History Calendar Updates 1996-2006 Neighborhood History Calendar Updates 2013 Household Census Agri. & Cons. Survey 1996 Household Agri. & Cons. Survey, 2000 & 2006 Household Agri. & Cons. Survey, 2013 Individual Interview with Life History Calendar (LHC) 1996 Individual Interview with Life History Calendar (LHC) 2008 Individual Interview with Life History Calendar (LHC) 2013 Demographic Events Registration 1997 …

20. Social Research Programs Population Health • Elderly Health and Wellbeing (1998, 2007) • Armed Conflict, Family Change and Mental Health (2009) • HIV/AIDS and Later Life Health and Wellbeing (2009) Family Change and Fertility • Changing Social Context and Family Formation (1995, 2006, 2013) • Developmental Idealism (2003) • Marital Dynamics (2004) • Religion and Family Life (2007) • Menstruation and Education (2006- 2008) • Ideational Influences on Family (2008) • Household Registry System (1997- ongoing) • Contraceptive Use Survey (1997-ongoing)

21. Social Research Programs Migration • Armed Conflict and Migration (2009-2010) • Migrants to the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Values, Behaviors and Plans (2009-2010) • Innovative Methods for Obtaining Survey Data from Migrants

23. On-going Social Research • Ideational Influences on Family • Migrants to the Gulf Cooperation Council • Countries: Values, Behaviors and Plans • Innovative Methods for Obtaining Survey Data from Migrants • Household Registration System • Contraceptive Use Survey

24. MIGRATION • International • Internal 1360 Individuals in 53 countries Destination 986 individuals in 63 districts

25. Research Projects

26. Research Projects Contd….

27. Research Projects Contd….

28. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS

29. Environmental Research Programs Study of Reciprocal Relation between Population and Environment

30. Environmental Research Programs Land Use Flora Diversity Groundwater Quality

31. 1, Population and Environmental Research; The Reciprocal Relationship Between Population and Environment • 1.1. Flora Research (1996, 2000, 2006) • 1.2. Land Use Mapping (1996, 2000, 2006) • 1.3. Household Consumption and Agriculture Survey (1996, 2000, 2006) • 2, Partnership in International Research and Education • 2.1. Tiger Human Interaction Study (2009-2010) • 2.2. Ecosystem Services and Population Change (2009) • 2.3. Mapping Wildlife Habitat in Chitwan (2011) • 2.4. Climate change, vulnerability and adaption in Chitwan Valley (2011) • 3, Invasion Ecology • 3.1. Impact of Mikaniamicrantha invasion in Chitwan National Park (2011) • 4. Others: • 4.1. Arsenic Test in drinking water (2004), • 4.2. Documentation of traditional knowledge on biodiversity (2003, 2007) and • 4.3. Sagarmatha seed bank Feasibility study (2010)

32. Environmental Sample

33. Flora Research: Data Collection 1) Research plots (Total research plots – 265) a) Barandabhar Buffer Zone Forest - 62 b) Chitwan National Park (CNP) – 34 c) Forest along the Narayani River – 21 d) Grassland in CNP – 10 d) Common Land – 138 2) Data a) Plot information b) Plant information

34. 1953 1978 Land Use Change in Chitwan

35. Land Use Mapping: Data Collection 1) Finding the Neighborhood Location and Boundary Total Neighborhoods- 171 2) Data Collection • GPS Information of boundary points • Measure Distance and Bearing • of Neighborhood boundary and • perimeter of all land use categories.

36. Land Use Mapping

37. Household Consumption and Agriculture Survey: • Data Collection • Household Survey- 151 NBH (1996, 2000, 2006) • Study of • Agriculture, disease and pests • Animal Husbandry • Physical Facilities (Consumption) • Experience and perception on Environmental Change • Family Economics

38. Tiger-Human Interaction Survey (2009) Camera 1) Camera Trapping of Tiger 2) Tiger Tolerance Survey 3) Community Forest Mapping and Survey

39. Tiger-Human Interaction Study (2009) Bear with cubs Chittal Tiger Leopards Rhinoceros People carrying grass

40. Ecosystem Services and Population Change (2010) • Fuelwood Consumption Survey • Fuelwood use • Demand and • Supply • Forest Biomass Research • Tree species diversity • Demography and • Woody biomass estimation

41. Mapping Wildlife Habitat in Chitwan (2011) • Study of land cover change of wildlife habitat in Barandabhar Forest, Chitwan. • Objective: Produce a high-resolution land cover map Barandabar forest from the satellite imagery and Quantify land cover change (excluding urban/agricultural areas) from 2000-2010. • Data collected from the 150 GPS points in Barandabhar Forest • Status: Data Collection completed and in the stage of analysis

42. Impact of Mikaniamicranthainvasion in Chitwan National Park (2011) • Funded by Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) and ISER-N • Objective: To study the impact of invasive plant Mikaniamicranthain forest and grasslands of Chitwan National Park • Status: Data Collection completed and in the stage of analysis

43. DATA PROCESSING AND MANAGEMENT

44. Data Collected

45. Data Processing • Data Collected from the Field are Checked by Research Supervisor • Development of Data Entry Protocols • Codebook Design • Each Research Instrument then Coded by an Independent Coder • User Friendly Data Entry Program Designed as to the Research Instrument

46. Data Processing • Each Interview is Entered Two to Three Times • Data Entry Program are Designed to Check Keying Discrepancies to Minimize Data Entry Errors • Internal and External Consistency Checking • Ready for Analysis

47. Data Release For Public • Strict Policy of Safeguarding Respondent’s Privacy and Confidentiality • Instrument Containing Identifying Information are Stored Separately and Safely in a Highly Secure (Locked) Room • Identifying Information is Carefully Removed from the Data • Data is Released to Public Worldwide through Different Outlets

48. Data Archive And Dissemination • Data are Archived and Disseminated through ISER-N Office at Fulbari, Chitwan and the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) at the University of Michigan http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/cocoon/DSDR/STUDY/04538.xml

49. PUBLICATIONS

50. PUBLICATIONS & PRESENTATIONS • A Book and Several Book Chapters • Over 75 Scientific Articles Published in World Class Peer-reviewed Journals • Over 50 Articles Published through Other Outlets and as Resource Manuals • 17 PhD/MSc Dissertations/Theses from the US Universities • Five Research Briefs/Policy Briefs • Over 100 Presentations at National and International Conferences • Respondent Reports