Free write

1. Free write • Think of a time when you (or someone you know) were classified in a stereotype or when you judged someone else based on a stereotype. Discuss, in 5-7 sentences, what the stereotype was, what the “proof” was that you were a part of it, how you or the other person reacted (thoughts, feelings, emotions, retaliation), and what your personal opinion of that stereotype is.

2. The Medieval Period 1066-1485

3. A Transition • Vernacular (OE) to more defined Language (ME) • Rapid literary, political, linguistic and Religious shifts

4. Black Plague Ring around the Rosie Pocket full of Posies Ashes, Ashes We all fall down

5. Black Plague Ring around the Rosie the mark on your body when first getting the "Black Death" it was a yellowish ring around a dark redish spot Pocket full of Posies they had to burn the bodies outside because so many people was dieing and it started to stink bad Ashes, Ashes dead bodies We all fall (dead) down

6. Black Plague • Peaked between 1448-1350 • Estimated to have killed 30% to 60% of Europe's population, reducing the world's population from an estimated 450 million to between 350 and 375 million in 1400.

7. Feudalism • Political system • Used to rank a person’s social obligation and status • Exchange property for service—lord/overlord: promised property • Vassal: received property in exchange for service • Loyalty and faithfulness to lord though lord still owned all the land

8. Feudalism • Divided out some to church and Barons known as fifes • Had to • pay taxes • Supply knights/soldiers; received small portion of land (manors) • Land worked by peasants (serfs) • Kings held feudal domains in England and France

9. Changing Government • Norman Rule ended in 1154 • Henry II comes t rule; Founded the house of English Monarchs • Church vs. King power • Appoints Thomas Becket to archbishop sea at Canterbury as a way to try and control both church and state

10. Becket • Becket defies King Henry limiting the kings power in the church. • On his deathbed, King Henry laments the position and actions of Becket and the knights take it as an order. • Becket is murdered by 4 knights in 1170

11. Becket • Is canonized by the pope • Henceforth became a popular sight of pilgrimage

12. Chaucer Background • Geoffrey Chaucer (1340?-1400) was the earliest great poet and story-teller in English literature. He was born in ____________________, in Thames Street not far from the Tower of London. Living close to the docks and being the son of a prosperous wine merchant allowed for plenty of stimulation for Chaucer’s active imagination growing up. London

13. Chaucer Background • In 1357, he went to be a page of the Countess of Ulster who was a daughter-in-law of King Edward III. He met ___________________ and statesmen, ___________________ and ambassadors, artists, musicians and craftsmen. When later he was promoted to ___________________, his wages rose to seven pence halfpenny a day and he was allowed a room, which he shared with a fellow squire. In 1359, he was sent abroad to fight the ___________________ in what is now called the Hundred Years War. That winter he was taken prisoner near Rheims and the following year, when he was ___________________ for 16£, he went home. King Edward III must have thought highly of him to pay this sum, which was a ___________________ amount in those days. Soldiers Courtiers Squire French ransomed Large

14. Chaucer Background • In 1366, when he was aged approximately ___________________, Chaucer married Philippa de Roet, lady-in-waiting to the Queen and a sister of the King son’s third wife. • Love played little part in ___________________ marriages as they were usually arranged by parents or friends. From the ___________________ comments that Chaucer makes in his poems about marriage, it seems that this was not a particularly happy match. Twenty-Six Medieval Unflattering

15. With your group… • Order the jumbled sentences on page 2 of your packet.

16. Chaucer Background • In 1373 he was sent to Italy for the first time, on the King’s business. This visits brought him into contact with the finest art and literature in the world including the rewriters Petrarch and Boccaccio, the greatest writers of the day. On his return to London in 1374, he was made Controller of Customs on wool, skins and hides, a post he held until 1386. In Early 1386, as a poet, diplomat and man of business, he was made Justice of the Peace and a Knight of the Shire. With this job, the city of London gave him a house and from its west windows he could look out on to the crowded streets and see a hundred church spires. From the east, he could see hills and un hedged fields. In those days the countryside cam right up to the city walls. Living in such a pleasant house was a happy time for him, especially as the job was so undemanding that he had plenty of time to write, including “The Parliament of Birds” and “Troilus and Criseyde.” Unfortunately for Chaucer, at the end of 1386, he lost all his public offices because his patron, John of Gaunt, was sent to spain. The loss of his jobs was lucky for us, however, as it gave Chaucer time to start on his greatest work The Canterbury Tales.

17. Pilgrimage

18. Pilgrimage • A long journey or search of great moral significance • A journey to a sacred place or shrine • Religious, political, personal

19. Buddhism • Lumbini: birth place in Nepal • Bodh Gaya: Place of Enlightenment • Sarnath: Delivered his first teaching • Kusinara: Attained mahaparinirvana (death)

20. Hellenic Greece • Delphi: Oracle of Zeus at Dodona

21. Islam • Mecca: the hajj; one of the five Pillars of Islam • Ziarah: Mosqe and grave of Prophet Muhammad

22. Christianity • Holy Land: Jerusalem; sites connected with the birth, life and crucifixion of Jesus • Rome & the Vatican: St. Peter’s Square • Mount Sinai: Egypt, holy mountain • Canterbury: shrine of Sir Thomas Becket

23. Communism • USSR: Moscow, Mausoleum of Lenin in Red Square • China: Peking, Mausoleum of Mao Tse Tung in Tiananmen Square

24. Antiquity • Karnak, Egypt. • Thebes, Egypt. • Delphi, Greece • Kurukshetra, India.

25. Where would you go on a pilgrimage?

26. Canterbury Tales • Pilgrimage to Canterbury • Characters represent 7 deadly sins in different capacities • Wrath • Greed • Sloth • Pride • Lust • Envy • Gluttony

27. Two types of characterization • DIRECT CHARACTERIZATION • INDIRECT CHARACTERIZATION

28. The Canterbury Tales • It is a contest the host proposes and each tale reveals truths and perceptions about the cultural society of the time period • I, as your host, propose a contest: • Each of you will take on a character’s personality • Research and introduce yourself throughout the next few weeks • As a class we will judge the winners of the contest.