The US and WWI

1. The US and WWI ACOA - Chapter 10 Review

2. Part I- The War Begins

3. Europe on the Eve of World War I, 1914

4. The Causes Competing Alliances Europe Tension- most Euro-nations were hooked up in an alliance of some sort Nationalism Your nation must compete/keep up or be better than the other nations caused competition and tension

5. Triple Alliance v. Triple Entente

6. The Causes Imperialism Competition for more territory, resources, markets adds to the tension between nations Militarism Military Spending increased 300% from 1870 -1914

12. The Match Up Allied Powers Russia France Great Britain Serbia Others Central Powers Austria-Hungary Germany Ottoman Turks Others

13. Part II- The US Gets Involved

14. Early American Reaction Stay out it�s a European Affair, however... 1 out 7 Americans are European immigrants 2 out 5 Americans have family in Europe Americans were related to and also doing business with both sides in the conflict

16. US Attitude-Neutrality (sort of�) America tries to stay neutral Europeans conflict damaged US business and farms President Wilson tried to keep US out

17. What if� If European markets go down than so will US economy Wilson allows US banks to loan money to European nations US business manufactures munitions US Banks and Wall Street loan Billions to Allies and only millions to Central Powers

19. American Involvement: U-boats German U-boats- attack US ships Lusitania- carried war supplies May 1915 Sussex Pledge- Germany will try to stop Germany resumes U-boat attacks

22. American Involvement: Zimmerman Telegram Asked Mexico to join Germany and Central powers, if the US gets involved in WWI Germany and Mexico would split up US after WWI Was it real? Germany denied it. Mexico said they never got it. It was discovered by a British Spy, hmmm?

24. American Involvement: Russian Revolution 1917 Russian monarchy this was against (US) ideals of Democracy Bolsheviks take over and pull out of the war Now the US has no issues joining the Allies

25. American Involvement: The Financial Issue US banks and business have loaned billions to the Allied Nations US banks and business have loaned millions to the Central Power Nations Do the Math Do you want to lose Millions� Or Billions?

26. US Enters the War Wilson declares war on Germany in April 1917 �The United States would fight to make the world safe for democracy.� Many American business see it as an opportunity Some say that that the war is going on at the command of Gold.� Anti war attitudes are quickly silenced

29. US and WWI : The War The US enters in1917 First action not until April 1918 War ends Nov. 11, 1918 (11/11 @ 11:00 AM) US Casualties = 116,516

30. WWI Casualties US - 116,516 GB- 908,000; France- 1,375,000 Germany-1,800,000 Austria-Hungary 1,200,000 Russia- 1,700,000

31. Impact of WWI- Military Military Selective Service Act- the Draft, army wanted 3 million men Segregated Army still the case- Harlem Hell Fighters; most AA did grunt work Volunteers Women- nurses, drivers, etc.

33. Impact of WWI- $$$ Bonds Billions $$ raised to support war Most came in bonds, Liberty Bonds Mass movement to sell bonds- Boy Scouts, celebrities, etc pushed them.

34. Impact of WWI- $$$ Agencies War Industries Board- oversaw production; told companies what to make and also said who could have what resources �Metal for bullets not refrigerators�

35. Impact of WWI- $$$ Agencies National Labor Relations Board- settled disputes between business and workers (unions) Most strikes occurred during this time- gave unions power Women and AA entered work force IWW & other socialists were persecuted- seen as anti-America

36. Impact of WWI- $$$ Agencies Food Administration Issued price controls and rationing Made sure army had supplies Propaganda to increase production and conservation

37. Impact of WWI- $$$ Agencies Committee of Public Information Issued propaganda in support of the war Films, songs, campaigns, etc. Promoted fear of foreigners- sedition and espionage Anti-war = Anti-American?

39. Anti-War = Anti- America Violence against anti-war people Union (IWW) members arrested beaten Vigilantes & Lynching- Robert Prager German Measles = Liberty measles Hamburger = Liberty sandwich French Fries = Freedom fries? No Mozart or German Music Literacy test for immigrants

40. The End of the War This will come into play again and again and again

41. Wilson�s 14 Points Presidents Wilson�s idea to end the war, bring peace for the long term Based on self-determination and little retribution England & France- more interested in revenge Most of 14 points thrown out, except League of Nations Wilson leaves peace talks before Treaty signed

42. Treaty of Versailles 1919 Ends war England and France make Germany pay Germany must: Pay reparations $33 Billion Give Up Colonies Give Up Military Gove up land between Germany & France Must take the blame for starting the war

43. US Isolationism Europe was constantly fighting US lost soldiers Leads to no involvement w/Europe US denies League of Nations Wilson dies America stays our of European affairs

44. US Isolationism ? $$ Europe messed up after the war US farms & industries take advantage US becomes economic powerhouse Europe owes US mass $$ (+$11.5 billion) US established as a world power

45. End of the War at Home Soldiers return home need jobs Causes unrest- women and minorities were pushed out of jobs Europeans were messed up and buying less US industries sell less and less, workers start to get fired, the cycle�