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IPv6 for Mobile and Wireless Internet

IPv6 for Mobile and Wireless Internet. Alper E. Yegin DoCoMo USA Labs IPv6 Forum Technical Directorate Member, IETF PANA Working Group Chairman. Mobile and Wireless. New attributes of the Internet Internet has been fixed and wired

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IPv6 for Mobile and Wireless Internet

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  1. IPv6 for Mobile and Wireless Internet Alper E. Yegin DoCoMo USA Labs IPv6 Forum Technical Directorate Member, IETF PANA Working Group Chairman

  2. Mobile and Wireless • New attributes of the Internet • Internet has been fixed and wired • Mobility and wireless access bring in new requirements, old requirements with greater magnitude • Scalability • Security • Dynamic reconfiguration • Extendibility • Mobility and persistence Can IPv4 meet these requirements adequately?

  3. Scalability • When the cable is cut, Internet can get anywhere • No longer limited to stationary nodes • People move, they prefer to take Internet with them • Cell phone, pda, car, … • Always on • Not dial-up, no time sharing of addresses • Multi-access devices • More addresses needed! IPv4 could not match the need, and gave birth to IPv4-NAT architecture... The basic design principles of the Internet are violated, and we are paying the price... cellular WLAN

  4. NAT and Servers • NAT is maybe(*) OK if you are just a client, but NOT OK if server! • Wireless devices getting better and capable of running services: • Bandwidth (384Kbps) • CPU (206Mhz) • Storage (256MB, 1GB) • Peripherals • Camera, printer, barcode reader, GPS, sensors Cannot run a server in a IPv4-NAT domain..

  5. Security Server • Fixed and wired ISP2 Internet ISP1 PPP, PANA client

  6. ISPx Security Server ??? • Wireless and mobile ISP2 Internet ISP1 WEP, 802.1x, PPP, PANA client

  7. ISPx Security • Wireless and mobile ISP2 Internet ISP1 WEP, 802.1x, PPP, PANA client Server

  8. Security ISP2 Internet ISP1 ISPx client Server

  9. Security ISP2 IPsec Internet ISP1 ISPx client Server

  10. Security • Your client can only control security on last mile • Link-layer authentication/encryption • WEP, 802.1x, PPP • PANA • No control over other end’s access security • Security has to be end-to-end • No trust on intermediaries, and environment of remote end • IPsec is a must! Cannot run IPsec through IPv4-NAT domain

  11. Plug-and-Play • Very small devices • Limited capability • No interface for configuration • Large number of them • Constantly changing environment (they move!) • Example: • Mini sensors with transmitters • IPv6 address auto-configuration • Anycast addresses • Service discovery - TinyOS - Berkeley IPv6 has enhanced plug-and-play features

  12. Future Proof • Hard to know future needs • Proliferation of mobile and wireless related WGs in IETF and IRTF is the proof • Mobile IP, Seamoby, PILC, Monet, NSIS, Manet, Micromobility, ??? • Extensibility • Extension headers, options IPv6 can accommodate future needs of mobility and wireless access IPv6 header Hop-by-hop Options Header Routing Header Destination Options Header TCP Header DATA

  13. Mobility Management • Mobile IPv6 far superior than Mobile IPv4 • Built-in route optimization • Co-existence with ingress filtering • No foreign agent needed

  14. Mobile IPv4 Mobile Node1 Mobile Node2 Home Agent Foreign Agent Lack of optimizations with Mobile IPv4...

  15. Mobile IPv6 Mobile Node1 • Route optimization • Correspondent node sends directly to mobile • Ingress filtering protection • No need to reverse tunnel from mobile to home Mobile Node2 Mobile IPv6 comes with built-in optimizations

  16. Mobile IPv4 Home Agent Foreign agents required on the access networks Internet Foreign Agent Foreign Agent Additional infrastructure required for Mobile IPv4 deployment Mobile Node

  17. Mobile IPv6 Home Agent Simple access routers sufficient Internet Access Router Access Router Access Router Access Router Access Router Scalable Mobile IPv6 deployment Mobile Node

  18. No Foreign Agent • All mobile node needs is IPv6 access • Once IPv6 is deployed, clients can immediately start using Mobile IPv6 on top of it • Quick and easy deployment Joe’s Home Agent Cable modem Joe’s PDA (mobile node) Internet Any access network Joe’s Home Network

  19. Private Address Support • Typical Mobile IPv4 deployment uses Foreign Agent located care-of address and mobile nodes with private addresses • Subnet 10.0.0.0/8 • Mobile nodes’ IPv4 addresses can collide • Implementation is complex!!! • Reverse tunnel support • Private address support • No route optimization possible Complex, costly, sub-optimal Mobile IPv4 deployment

  20. Efficiency • IPv6 header vs. IPv4 header • 40 bytes, 20 bytes • Header compression • PPP • ROHC • Streamlined processing • Fixed header size • Optimized for 64bit architecture

  21. IETF • New protocols developed • Mobile IP • Seamoby: seamless mobility (context transfer) • Monet: mobile networks • PANA: network access authentication • Micromobility management (IRTF) • NSIS: QoS • NAT is a pain! • NAT considerations? Protocols get more complicated because of NAT and takes longer to design

  22. Wireless Architectures • 3GPP • IPv6 mandatory for IMS • IMS network elements are IPv6-only • All IMS (both SIP signaling and media flow) is IPv6-only • 3GPP2 • WLAN • 3GPP R6

  23. Real-time Data Communications • Audio, video applications • Sensitive to packet loss and delay • Mobility adds latency • Handover • Solution: • Fast handovers for Mobile IPv6

  24. Mobility Management Solutions Correspondent Node Internet Access Router4 Access Router1 Access Router3 Access Router2 Mobile Node

  25. Mobility Management Solutions Correspondent Node Internet Access Router4 L2 mobility protocols Access Router1 Access Router3 Access Router2 Mobile Node

  26. Mobility Management Solutions Correspondent Node Internet Access Router4 FMIPv6 L2 mobility protocols Access Router1 Access Router3 Access Router2 Mobile Node

  27. Mobility Management Solutions Correspondent Node Internet Access Router4 FMIPv6 L2 mobility protocols Access Router1 Access Router3 Access Router2 Mobile Node

  28. Seamless IPv6 Mobility Correspondent Node Mobile IPv6 Internet Access Router4 FMIPv6 L2 mobility protocols Access Router1 Access Router3 Access Router2 Mobile Node

  29. Summary • Mobile and wireless Internet will take over the edge • Backbone will stay mostly wired • It demands: • Scalability • Security • Plug-and-play • Extensibility • Better mobility support • End2end communication IPv6..............pass IPv4-NAT....FAIL

  30. IPv6 is the only solution for the truly mobile and wireless Internet

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