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Deriving Food Security Indicators from a Household Consumption Module. 5 th - 9 th December 2011, Rome. Key derived indicators. Household data requirements for calculating caloric consumption. Normally Household Budget Surveys report: Consumption from purchase of food items
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Deriving Food Security Indicators from a Household Consumption Module 5th - 9th December 2011, Rome
Household data requirements for calculating caloric consumption • Normally Household Budget Surveys report: • Consumption from purchase of food items • Often both metric units (kilograms) and expenditure (monetary values) • Meals outside the home are provided as monetary values • Consumption from own-production of food items • Usually in metric units (in some questionnaires the household is asked to estimate a monetary value as well) • Consumption of in-kind food items • Some surveys report only monetary values • Kilograms must be estimated from local price data
Example of a food composition table Information is presented per 100g edible food
Steps in calculating daily household caloric consumption • Convert all consumption values into the same metric quantity (i.e. grams) * • Calculate the caloric consumption of each food item * • Estimate the caloric consumption of items with missing information (using various methods) • Total all kcals per food item to compute household kcals consumed * Steps 1 and 2 are usually performed by the Statistical office or the World Bank The process for calculating caloric consumption estimates includes several cleaning steps and decisions by the analyst. The strategy taken will depend on the specific questionnaire module. To avoid duplicating efforts and conflicting results always obtain relevant syntax and output files from the Statistical Office / World Bank.
Step 1: Calculate metric quantities and cash value of each food item For detailed procedures on cleaning unit prices and metric quantities, see IFPRI (2007)
Step 2: Calculate the calories consumed for each food item Caloric consumption is calculated as: • Grams of household consumption per food item is converted from kilograms from previous step • Kcals / 100 grams and edible portion are usually found in food composition tables • If the country doesn’t have this information available, refer to a food composition table from the region or a neighbouring country
Step 3: Estimate caloric consumption for missing caloric conversions • Some food items may have missing information that require the analyst to make some decisions • Reasons for missing information include: • The specific food item is unknown (for example, meals outside the home, or “other vegetables”) • Items that were listed as “yes” to consumption but have invalid quantity and / or cash value
Step 3: Estimate caloric consumption for missing conversions
Step 4: Total kilocalories consumed per household, member and AEU • Total caloric consumption per household is calculated by summing the caloric consumption from each food item consumed in the household • Kilocalories per capita: • Kilocalories per adult equivalent:
Adult equivalents • Adult equivalents are calculated using a calorie requirement table which provides the recommended daily caloric intake by age, sex and activity level • Each household member is assigned a weight relative to a reference requirement • Normally an adult male of working age is used as the reference • Summing the weights of all household members gives the total adult equivalent units (AEU) of the household • The total AEUs will usually be lower than the household size which gives all members an equal value
Categorizing households as food energy deficient • This indicator assumes that households allocate food according to the individual needs of members • Food energy deficient is a bivariate variable 0 = not food energy deficient 1 = food energy deficient • If the kilocalories consumed per AEU are less than the required kilocalorie reference (an adult man), the household is considered food energy deficient. An SPSS syntax example: Do if (kcals_per_AEU < 2550) Compute energy_def = 1. Else if (kcals_per_AEU>= 2550) Compute energy_def = 0. End if.
