1 / 24

Achieving Climate Neutrality in Hannover by 2050: Challenges and Opportunities

This article explores how a city like Hannover can become climate neutral by 2050 and achieve 100% renewable energy. It examines the potential of solar, wind, biomass, and geothermal energy sources, as well as the need for regional collaboration and local storage solutions.

weaverrobert
Download Presentation

Achieving Climate Neutrality in Hannover by 2050: Challenges and Opportunities

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. (How) Can a city become climate neutral in 2050? Hannover 2050 Are 100% renewable energy in industrial conurbations possible?

  2. Challenges • By 2022 Germany will have phased out nuclear power. • To protect the climate, we will have to opt out of coal- based power generation in the mid term. • Due to the worldwide demand for energy, oil and gas reserves will have (virtually) run out by 2050 at the latest. • The conclusion: we need a plan for 100% renewables

  3. Issues • How much renewable energy is Hannover sustainably likely to have (i.e. without creating new ecological problems and without exploitation at the cost of other regions) in 2050? • Does the expected supply meet the expected demand and what challenges are anticipated? • Key info:for the first time in a local study, a detailed analysis that factors in electricity and heat and traffic (normally renewable energy studies deal only with electricity)

  4. 1. • Renewable energy potential in/for Hannover in 2050

  5. Solar energy in Hannover • There are about 32 million m² of roofs in Hannover • Goal:to use all suitable roofs in the city • Approx.22% (approx. 7 million m²) of the roofs are suitable for solar power (minus areas for dormer windows, shade etc) • In residential properties, solar thermal energy is used to generate hot water, all other roofs for photovoltaics • Result for 2050: • 6.5 million m² photovoltaic areas = 1,150 GWh/a • + approx. 0.5 million m² hot water collectors = 210 GWh/a

  6. Regional thinking in wind and bio mass • Only a regional perspective makes sense when considering bio mass and wind renewable potentials • In the cramped confines of the city there are no relevant potentials for wind and bio mass. • Compared with the surrounding area, Hannover’s energy consumption is defined by trade and industry (53% of consumption today).1/3 of people employed in Hannover live in the surrounding area.In the future, they will have to “contribute” their own share of energy.

  7. Hannover region plus 20 surrounding towns 2,3 km² 1,1 Mio. inhabitants

  8. Regional bio gas • Usage of residues (organic wast of househoulds, green waste, straw, beet leaves, potato leaves) and liquid manure  340 GWh/a • Energy crop cultivation on 17% of arable land • Proportion Hannover 2050: • (divided up according to consumption [electricity 61%; heat 51%]) • 130 GWh/a electricity + 700 GWh/a bio gas

  9. Regional Windpower • In the Hannover region, 240 wind farms are already available (biggest number in inland Germany) • The figure is not to be increased, but consistent re-powering with 3 MW plants (140 m hub height, 100 m rotor blade diameters) Proportion of electricity (61%) distributed to Hannover population • 2050: 850 GWh/a from the region

  10. Further regional renewable sources • Water • Local potential from the River Leine fully exploited with three hydro power stations = 10 GWh/a • Timber: • Waste wood from forests and industry in the region • Proportion of heat consumption (51%) distributed to Hannover population •  25 GWh/a • Waste incineration: • Assumption:waste at today’s level • (ecologically doubtful; priority given to recycling!) • Electricity generation 25 GWh/a, • Connection to the district heating grid => 160 GWh/a heat

  11. Partizipation of national sources • wind power offshore: • Germany 2050 = 45 GW • proportional to the population of Germany – calculated for Hannover • 1,100 GWh/a Wind offshore • National hydro power: • bigger hydraulic power stations • proportional to the population of Germany – calculated for Hannover • = 130 GWh/a

  12. Local deep geothermal energy • Hannover has considerable heat reserves at vast depths (drilling about 3.000 m deep • Trial drilling to use heat for electricity and heating • Assumption:in the city 25 drills à 2 MW connected to the district heating network • Producing a potential of 30 MW of electricity and 270 MW heat • Feasibility and efficiency are currently being checked and are not yet certain

  13. Summary of the renewable energy in 2050 according to Siepe/von Krosigk’s study • Total supply of renewable energy • 4,500 GWh/a

  14. Possible scenario for a distribution of renewable energy potentials for electricity, heat and fuels Primary energy supply of renewable energies (incl.pipe and storage losses) Biogas Waste Geothermalenergy 3% 2% 1% Hydropower Photovoltaics Biogas Germany 24% 3% 8% Heat, Water Waste fuels 4% Region Windoffshore 23% 0.2% Geothermal energy 24% 6% Timber Windregion 1% Solar thermal power 5% 19% 23%heat+ fuels 77% electricity

  15. the storage issue • If about 80% of the total renewable energy is distributed as electricity via cables, the storage issue is entirely different from before: • In addition to expanding the European grid and more pumped storage plants, local solutions are increasing in importance.This could be the sign for public utilities to act: • Smart Grid; intelligent energy networks • Underground cavern compressed air storage • Car batteries as temporary storage

  16. How much energy will Hannover probably need in 2050?

  17. Analysis of national wide studies • The basis of the needs assessment is analysing and extrapolating information from the following three studies • [1] Greenpeace Germany:Climate Protection Plan B 2050 • [2] WWF Germany:German Model:Climate protection till 2050 • [3] German Environment Agency:Energy objective 2050: 100% of electricity from renewable sources

  18. Results of the national studies to the situation in Hannover:

  19. In 2050, how much energy will be required and what for (in GWh/a)

  20. 3. How does the renewable energy supply and demand in Hannover correlate

  21. Results • In Hannover 14,500 GWh/a are consumed today • The national studies se a max. reduction to 5.600 GWh/a • Only 4,500 GWh/a of renewable energy will probably be available sustainably • We need an reduction of about 70% compared by 2005

  22. But… • 70% reduction is a massive challenge!It will require a substantial change in the mindsets of consumers, more intelligent planning on the part of architects (less resistance to insulation), more intensive regulation from the EU and German government and a whole range of other aspects.

  23. But a huge opportunity for the economy too • People living in Hannover, trade and industry spend about 1.5 billion euros a year on electricity, heat and fuel. • This figure includes approx. 440 million euros in purchasing costs for gas, oil and coal, the majority of which today goes to Russia, the Middle East and Australia. • In the case of a full renewable energy concept most of the €440 million (amount set to rise heavily in the future with increasing energy costs)will be available to put back into regional business.

  24. Thank you for listening. Internet: www.sustainable-hannover.de

More Related