Collective Purchase of eBooks

1. Collective Purchase of eBooks eCollectiondevelopment for Scotland: an Easy approach? Richard Parsons, Wendy Walker, Jeremy Upton Affordable Applicable Valuable Timely Flexible Legal Manageable

2. Innovation(!) Significant consortium using a tender framework to achieve a value proposition for all Students Publishers Staff Librarians Administrators Financial Officers Also – a learning process

3. SCOPNet / SHEDL / APUC eBook Purchase eBook purchasing in the HE Sector in Scotland. Big numbers? Annually spending about £4M on books & eBooks About ½ currently on eBooks Collectively committed to work together to spend about £4M over 4 years – if value achieved Further invested time, effort, thought, consultation, travel, trust.

4. Why eBooks?

5. SCURL – (1977- Scottish Confederation of University and Research Libraries)SCOPNet – (1999- SCURL Procurement Network)SHEDL – (2009 – Scottish Higher Education Digital Library)APUC (2007- Advanced Procurement for Universities and Colleges)

6. SCOPNet / SHEDL / APUC eBook Purchase Principles underpinning our thinking about eBook acquisition. Fair proportional contributions from all Same access for all HE students and staff Openness about affordability & expectations Commitment (£) up front & for contract period Cooperation not competition Legal compliance (EU Tender limit)

7. Scotland HE – eBook Purchase Project – The People Alison Redpath, Michael McLaughlin, Liz Stevenson, Jill Evans, Barbara Houston, Wendy Walker, Jeremy Upton, Richard Parsons. Additional core people at different stages. Evaluators at every institution. Directors and administrative staff to facilitate the cooperation NLS as an administrative partner

8. SCOPNet / SHEDL /APUC eBook Purchase Just completed Covers about £1M expenditure per year Divided into three lots Lot 1 – Title by title purchase from resellers (Dawsons, EBL & Askews) Lot 2 - DRM-free packages purchased direct from publishers (£600k including VAT per annum) Lot 3 – Aggregator packages from companies - EBSCO, Proquest, SWETS

9. E-collection Development For Scotland – An Easy Approach? Focus on Lot 2: ebook Collections with unconstrained drm

10. Getting there and research Expectations/demand DRM Aggregators: changing business models Increase level of access to high quality, relevant and front list eBooks to students and academics

11. Model A – Access and Annual Full List Purchase Perpetual rights to 2013 titles purchased in 2014 2018 2016 2017 2014 2010 2011 2015 2012 2013 Perpetual rights to 2014 titles purchased in 2015 Number of titles 2018 2016 2017 2014 2010 2011 2015 2012 2013 Perpetual rights to 2015 titles purchased in 2016 2018 2016 2017 2014 2010 2011 2015 2012 2013 Access to yellow lists provided to ensure initial access as the purchase periods are developed. Purchase is made from the previous year, and access is provided to the following year to ensure publisher material is available. Olive colour indicates previously purchased material.

12. Model B –Full List Leased Access Access rights to 2014 and all previous eBooks published or available 2018 2016 2017 2014 Pre 1990 1990 to 2011 2015 2012 2013 Number of titles Access rights to 2015 and all previous eBooks published or available 2018 2016 2017 2014 Pre 1990 1990 to 2011 2015 2012 2013 Access rights to 2016 and all previous eBooks published or available 2018 2016 2017 2014 Pre 1990 2015 1990 to 2011 2012 2013

13. Model C – Access and Evidence-Based Purchase Yellow indicates access, green is evidence-based purchased at the end of 2014 2016 2017 2014 2010 2011 2015 2012 2013 Yellow indicates access, green is evidence-based purchased at the end of 2015, olive colour is previously purchased titles Number of titles 2016 2017 2014 2010 2011 2015 2012 2013 Yellow indicates access, green is evidence-based purchased at the end of 2016, olive colour is previously purchased titles 2016 2017 2014 2010 2011 2015 2012 2013

14. eBook Purchases by Tender Lot 2: Direct purchase of DRM-free eBook packages Accept publisher submissions Purchase / lease / EBS Issue tender Outline parameters Indicate £ Evaluate submissions quality Evaluate submissions cost Purchase £ Favourable? Favourable? Publishers now belong on a Framework Evaluate collectively Finalise bids received Open mini competition Negotiation

15. Results 5 deals Palgrave Elsevier Wiley Sage Oxford University Press Approx 30k DRM free eBooks for use in Scotland HE Evidence base model for most deals

16. Time for reflection eBook procurement What we have learned What opportunities have developed What next Acceptance by Scottish HE community of innovative approach with risk Benefitted from the rigour of formal tendering

17. Time for reflection Value • Heavily discounted average cost per title • Institution cost for access to 28,000 eBooks = 2,200 print books • DRM free access • Lower cost for processing orders • Consistency for community

18. Time for reflection What we have learned • Timing of contract awards • Content coverage • Refine the tender document • Focus on key services: MARC records and supply to resource discovery services • Understanding of value of purchase models • Key role of usage data • Appropriate multiplier?

19. Time for reflection • 5.3 Metadata •  The Contractor: • Shall adhere to international standards relating to bibliographic data. Where works have been made available in parts (e.g. chapters) Contractors should ensure that internationally recognised standards of description are used to identify these elements. International standard book numbers should be used for eBook versions of works; • Must be able to advise libraries on eBook availability from print ISBN data provided by the library; • Shall provide, at no additional cost, the option for libraries to take MARC21 records for all e-books either at point of delivery or by arrangement with individual libraries. For Lot 1 It is expected that this will be within 1 working day of receipt of the order. • Must have a robust, regular updating service for MARC records (Lots 2 and 3 only) • Shall provide MARC records to include as a minimum the following fields: • Author • Title • ISBN • Publication information • Url to content • Must indicate their plans for implementation of Resource Description & Access (RDA); • Shall be open to individual libraries specifying MARC record customisations;

20. Time for reflection What opportunities have developed • New payment arrangements, greater efficiencies • Single payments for multiple deals • One organization to manage payments • Benefits of working together around a shared set of common data • New models for managing content and associated services? • Scottish Digital Library?

22. Time for reflection What next • Further mini-competitions • Review tendering process • Focus on key services: MARC records • Focus on content coverage • Consider partner feedback • Review purchasing models: what is best for the community • Review the purchasing process: how can we do it better • Encourage participation from other key target publishers • Develop the culture of tendering

23. Questions?