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Feudalism and The Manor System

Feudalism and The Manor System. Daily Life in Medieval Europe. After Charlemagne. Europe was invaded repeatedly by 3 groups: the Vikings from the north, the Magyars from the east, and the Muslims from the south

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Feudalism and The Manor System

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  1. Feudalism and The Manor System Daily Life in Medieval Europe

  2. After Charlemagne • Europe was invaded repeatedly by 3 groups: the Vikings from the north, the Magyars from the east, and the Muslims from the south • Kings across Europe could not defend all of their lands, so they granted land to nobles • The nobles had to find a way to defend their territory

  3. Feudalism • Feudalism: the system of exchanging land for service • Over time the system became complicated as lords granted land to multiple knights and knights granted land to lesser knights, called villeins

  4. Defense Systems • Many nobles built castles that could withstand an attack • The nobles then trained soldiers to defend their castles and territory

  5. Knights • Most well-trained soldiers for defending a castle • Becoming a knight was expensive; knights needed to but their own armor, weapons, and horses • Knights often agreed to defend a castle in exchange for a piece of land • Nobles would grant knights a fief – anyone who accepted a fief was called a vassal

  6. A knight’s duties to his lord: Provide military service Remain loyal and faithful Took an oath of fealty, or loyalty Give money on special occasions A lord’s duties to his knights: Give land Protect knights from attack Resolve disputes between knights Feudal Obligations Feudalism bound people together through professional duties

  7. The Medieval Manor • Usually owned by lords or knights • Since lords were too busy with feudal duties to work the land, they granted land to peasants • In exchange, the peasants provided the lord with labor and other services

  8. What Did a Manor Include? • Most of the land consisted of pastures and fields for crops • Usually there were 3 fields – a spring field, a fall field, and a field left fallow (empty) to improve the soil • The peasants would rotate the fields each year this system is called crop rotation

  9. What Did a Manor Include? (cont.) Lords lived in a fortified manor house Peasants lived in a village on the manor grounds The village usually had a church, mill, and a blacksmith There was often a bakehouse, pond, and orchard The manor was built to be self-sufficient, people on the manor did not have to leave for anything

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