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Bridges

Bridges. Advanced Computer Networks D 12. Bridges Outline. Repeaters Bridges Backward learning Bridge Loops Spanning trees (transparent bridges) Source-routing bridges (e.g., token rings). Repeaters. S4. S1. S2. S3. LAN1. LAN2. Repeater.

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Bridges

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  1. Bridges Advanced Computer Networks D12

  2. Bridges Outline • Repeaters • Bridges • Backward learning • Bridge Loops • Spanning trees (transparent bridges) • Source-routing bridges (e.g., token rings) Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  3. Repeaters S4 S1 S2 S3 LAN1 LAN2 Repeater A repeater operates at the physical layer and forwards everything between the two LANs. LAN1 and LAN2 are in the same collision domain. Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  4. Bridges Bridge Leon-Garcia & Widjaja: Communication Networks Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  5. Bridges • Operate at the data link layer. • Bridges use backward learning in recording source address on transmissions. • Unlike repeaters, bridges will not forward a frame onto another LAN segment if it knows about the location of the destination node. • Bridge management gets more complicated when loops are possible in the frame route. Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  6. Bridge Network Network Bridge LLC LLC MAC MAC MAC MAC Physical Physical Physical Physical A bridge is a store and forward device that separates collision domains. Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  7. Bridges S5 S1 S2 S3 S4 LAN1 LAN2 LAN3 B1 B2 port 1 port 2 port 1 port 2 Address Port Address Port Leon-Garcia & Widjaja: Communication Networks Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  8. Bridges S5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S1 S5 LAN1 LAN2 LAN3 B1 B2 port 1 port 2 port 1 port 2 Address Port Address Port S1 1 S1 1 Leon-Garcia & Widjaja: Communication Networks Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  9. Bridges S5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S3 S2 LAN1 LAN2 LAN3 B1 B2 port 1 port 2 port 1 port 2 Address Port Address Port S1 1 S1 1 S3 2 1 S3 Leon-Garcia & Widjaja: Communication Networks Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  10. Bridges S5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S4 S3 LAN1 LAN2 LAN3 B1 B2 port 1 port 2 port 1 port 2 Address Port Address Port Bridge 1 does not forward the frame to LAN1 S1 1 S1 1 S3 2 1 S3 2 S4 S4 2 Leon-Garcia & Widjaja: Communication Networks Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  11. Bridges S5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S2 S1 LAN1 LAN2 LAN3 Bridge1 Bridge 2 port 1 port 2 port 1 port 2 Address Port Address Port Bridge 1 does not forward the frame to LAN2 S1 1 S1 1 S3 2 1 S3 2 S4 S4 2 S2 1 Leon-Garcia & Widjaja: Communication Networks Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  12. LAN1 (1) (1) B1 B2 (2) B3 LAN2 B4 LAN3 B5 LAN4 MAN with Bridge Loops (1) (2) (3) (2) (1) (2) (1) (2) Leon-Garcia & Widjaja: Communication Networks Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  13. MAN with Bridge Loops One solution to bridge loops Build a Spanning Tree! Leon-Garcia & Widjaja: Communication Networks Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

  14. Bridges Summary • Repeaters • Bridges • Backward learning • Bridge Loops • Spanning trees (transparent bridges) • Source-routing bridges (e.g., token rings) Advanced Computer Networks Bridges

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