Warm-up for 08.16.11

1. Warm-up for 08.16.11 What is “Prehistory”? When did it begin, and when did it end IN Georgia?

2. What is the definition of “prehistory”? • Prehistory refers to the time before written records were kept by human beings.

3. 2. When did it begin, and when did it end in Georgia? • Began when the very first inhabitants of Georgia arrived some 10,000+ years ago. • Prehistory ends in Georgia with • the arrival of Spanish-Explorer • Hernando DeSoto (around 1539). • Beginning of traditional • European written records of GA

4. Time to collect HW, set up binders, and talk procedures!!! • 5 tab dividers- to be organized into the following sections: • 1.) Warm-ups • 2.) Notes • 3.) Classwork • 4.) Quizzes • 5.) Government/CEF • GA Studies Standards List goes in from of your dividers (1st thing in your notebook) • Classroom procedures: • Bathroom = 2 passes per 9 weeks/can enter for drawing • Please raise hand and wait to be called on • Please do not come up to me without being in your seat and asking for permission by raising your hand.

5. Warm-up for 08.17.11 10,000 B.C. 1539 A.D. Please draw the timeline below and plot GA’s Prehistoric periods on the timeline. Then, beneath the name of the period, write the name of most important technology created during that period. Mazazoic Period - throwing spear Example only! AC

6. Warm-up for 08.17.11 10,000 B.C. 1539 A.D. Prehistory in GA Timeline and Most Important Inventions AC

7. COPY! 10,000 B.C. 1539 A.D. Warm-up for 08.17.11 Prehistory in GA Timeline and Most Important Inventions Mazazoic Period - throwing spear Example only! DO NOT COPY! • Please draw the timeline below and plot GA’s Prehistoric periods on the timeline. Then, beneath the name of the period, write the name of most important technology created during that period. OL

8. Warm-up for 08.17.11 10,000 B.C. 1539 A.D. Prehistory in GA Timeline and Most Important Inventions AC

9. Georgia’s Prehistoric Periods

10. Georgia’s Prehistoric Periods (Indian Traditions): CHANGE OVER TIME

12. Name _____________________________ Date _____________ Per ______ Georgia’s Prehistoric Periods (Indian Traditions): CHANGE OVER TIME

14. Snapshots of Paleo-Indian Life

15. Dates 10,000-8,000 B.C. Weapons “Clovis” points Stone spear points Knives and scrapers Atlatl – used to propel spears long distances Food Large game hunted animals Mammoths, bisons, ground sloths, and mastadons Wild berries and nuts gathered Dwellings Lived in groups of 25-50 Nomadic = always on the move for food = no permanent housing Slept in caves, under cliffs, and dug out “sleeping pits” Religion Artifacts to suggest general spirituality – nothing specific The Paleo Period Paleo = “Very old” / few lived to be 30 yrs. old

16. Snapshots of Archaic-Indian Life

17. Dates 8,000 – 1,000 B.C. Weapons New tools invented to save time and effort Clovis points become smaller and sharper Grooved Axe – stone head w/ wood handle. Used primarily to chop wood / remove brush Food Hunted smaller game as period progresses Deer, bear, turkey, rabbit, birds, fish Fishing and gathering important Large remains of middens (trash heaps of shells ) found on Stallings Island in GA Clay pots to store and transport food in created Dwellings Small groups gathered to form larger groups of 50-100 Would move from season to season Semi-permanent housing w/ wooden poles covered by animal hides, braches, and bark Religion Proper burial of the dead seems to be important Tools, weapons, and ornaments found in tombs The Archaic Period Things becoming more settled

18. Snapshots of Archaic-Indian Life Sapelo Island: http://www.lostworlds.org/sapelo_shell_rings.html Stallings Island: Located in the Savannah River eight miles upstream from Augusta, the sixteen-acre island is the namesake of Stallings Culture and its hallmark pottery, Stallings fiber-tempered wares, the oldest pottery in North America. Stallings Island, a National Historic Landmark site, was a major settlement of Late Archaic Native Americans from 4,500 to 3,500 years ago.

19. Snapshots of Woodland-Indian Life Evidence of long-distance trading

20. Dates 1,000 B.C. – 1,000 A.D. Weapons Bow and Arrow – better accuracy/saves time Arrowheads become smaller and sharper Food Beginning of Horticulture Seeds are saved for planting Nuts, corn, squash, and bottle-gourd Small game hunted Dwellings More sturdy houses as small groups join together and form tribes Flat-topped mounds for gathering/ceremonies Animal effigy mounds – Rock Eagle created in 200 A.D. Religion Burial mounds with more elaborate tombs containing jewelry, pottery, figurines, and ceremonial objects The Woodland Period The Mound-Builders!

21. Snapshots of Woodland-Indian Life Rock Eagle: http://www.lostworlds.org/rock_eagle.html Kolomoki Mounds (1st in GA): http://www.lostworlds.org/kolomoki_mounds.html

22. Snapshots of Mississippian-Indian Life

23. Dates 1,000 A.D. – about 1600 A.D. Weapons All tools and weapons from previous periods – only better-made and more effective Food Grew most food Corn, beans, pumpkin, and squash Used slash-and-burn technique Stored food in storehouses for a constant supply Dwellings Large-scale communities w/ palisades and moats Several 1,000 families living together Wattle and daub houses made of clay, wood, and forest brush Mound communities like Etowah and Ocmulgee Religion Priest-chief presides over religious ceremonies Religious aspects controlled by govt. The Europeans are coming soon! The Mississippian Period

24. Snapshots of Mississippian-Indian Life Etowah Indian Mounds: http://www.lostworlds.org/ga_mississippian.html

25. End of Prehistory? • Prehistory ends in Georgia with the arrival of Spanish-Explorer Hernando deSoto. (around 1539) • Beginning of traditional European written records of GA