1 / 8

Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups

Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups. Origin of organic compounds. Naturally occurring organic compounds are found in plants, animals, and fossil fuels All of these have a plant origin All of these rely on the “fixing” of C from CO 2

Download Presentation

Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Organic Chemistry:Functional Groups

  2. Origin of organic compounds • Naturally occurring organic compounds are found in plants, animals, and fossil fuels • All of these have a plant origin • All of these rely on the “fixing” of C from CO2 • Synthetic organic compounds are derived from fossil fuels or plant material

  3. C C C C C Introduction • Most current research focuses on Organic • Originally from “organic” meaning life • Not just chemistry of life, chemistry of carbon • Exceptions: • oxides of carbon (CO2, CO) • carbonates,bicarbonates(NaHCO3,CaCO3) • cyanides (NaCN, etc) One C with no H, or with metal • Carbon can form four bonds…

  4. Carbon forms four bonds • Carbon can form four bonds, and forms strong covalent bonds with other elements • This can be represented in many ways …

  5. Functional groups • Functional groups are parts of molecules that result in characteristic features • About 100 functional groups exist, we will focus on about 10 • Useful to group the infinite number of possible organic compounds • E.g. the simplest group is hydrocarbons • Made up of only C and H • Not really a functional “group” • Further divided into: • Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatics

  6. C C C C C C Hydrocarbons Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes Aromatics

  7. Functional groups • See handout provided • You will need to memorize family name and associated general structure • Which functional groups can you recognize in this molecule?

  8. Hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl • There are other names that describe patterns of atoms that are parts of functional groups. • “Hydroxyl” refers to –OH • “Carbonyl” refers to C=O • “Carboxyl” refers to COOH Q: which functional groups contain a hydroxyl group? A carbonyl group? A carboxyl group? Hydroxyl: alcohols, carboxylic acids. Carbonyl: aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amides, esters. Carboxyl: carboxylic acids Note that properties such as boiling and melting point change due to functional groups For more lessons, visit www.chalkbored.com

More Related