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Section 4 Muscle of the Upper Limb

Section 4 Muscle of the Upper Limb. A. Muscles of the Shoulder ( 肩部肌 ) B. Muscles of the Arm ( 臂肌 ) C. Muscles of the Forearm ( 前臂肌 ) D. Muscles of the Hand ( 手肌 ) E. Fasciae of the Upper Limb ( 筋膜 ) F. Regional Anatomy ( 局部解剖学 ). A. M uscles of the S houlder. 1. ★ Deltoid ( 三角肌 )

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Section 4 Muscle of the Upper Limb

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  1. Section 4Muscle of the Upper Limb A. Muscles of the Shoulder(肩部肌) B. Muscles of the Arm (臂肌) C. Muscles of the Forearm(前臂肌) D. Muscles of the Hand(手肌) E. Fasciae of the Upper Limb (筋膜) F. Regional Anatomy (局部解剖学) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  2. A. Muscles of the Shoulder 1. ★ Deltoid (三角肌) Origin:clavicle (lat. 1/3), acromion, spine of scapula. Insertion:deltoid tuberosity Action:abducts, flexes, extends & rotates arm. [muscular injection 肌肉注射] Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  3. A. Muscles of the Shoulder 2. Supraspinatus (冈上肌) Origin:supraspinous fossa. Insertion:greater tubercle Action:abducts arm 3. Infraspinatus (冈下肌) Origin:infraspinous fossa. Insertion:greater tubercle Action:lateral rotates arm 4. Teres minor (小圆肌) Origin: lateral border of scapula Insertion:crest of lesser tubercle Action: lateral rotates adducts Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  4. A. Muscles of the Shoulder 5. Teres major(大圆肌) Origin:dorsal surface near inferior angle of scapula Insertion:crest of lesser tubercle of humerus Action:adducts, extends & medial rotates the arm 6Subscapularis (肩胛下肌) Origin:subscapular fossa Insertion:lesser tubercle ofhumerus Action:medial rotates arm [scapulohumeral periarthritis 肩周炎] Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  5. Muscles that move the arm (humerus) Pectoralis major Flexes, adducts and rotates arm medially. Latissimus dorsi Extends, adducts, and rotates arm .medially; draws arm downward and backward. Deltoid Abducts, flexes, extends, and medially and laterally rotates arm Subscapularis Rotates arm medially. Supraspinatus Assists deltoid muscle in abducting arm. Infraspinatus Rotates arm laterally; adducts arm. Teres major Extends arm; assists in adduction and medial rotation of arm. Teres minor Rotates arm laterally; extends and adducts arm. Coracobrachialis Flexes and adducts arm. Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  6. B. Muscles of the Arm 1. Anterior group 1)★biceps brachii(肱二头肌) Origin: Long head: supraglenoid tubercle. Short head: coracoid process. Insertion:radial tuberosity Action:flexes elbow joint. & supinates forearm. Variation:3rd head - 21.1% Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  7. B. Muscles of the Arm [Rupture of biceps brachii 肱二头肌断裂] Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  8. B. Muscles of the Arm 2) coracobrachialis(喙肱肌) Origin: coracoid process. Insertion:middle part of humerus. Action: flexes & adducts arm. Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  9. B. Muscles of the Arm 3) brachialis (肱肌) Origin: lower half of humerus. Insertion: ulnar tuberosity Action: flexes elbow joint Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  10. B. Muscles of the Arm 2. Posterior group (后群) ★triceps brachii(肱三头肌) Origin: long head:infraglenoid tuberosity lateral head:humerus medial head:humerus Insertion:olecranon of ulna Action:extend forearm Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  11. B. Muscles of the Arm Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  12. C. Muscles of the Forearm 1. ★Anterior group (前群) First layer 1) brachioradialis(肱桡肌) 2) pronator teres(旋前圆肌) 3) flexor carpi radialis (桡侧腕屈肌) 4) palmaris longus(掌长肌): 4% absent 5) flexor carpi ulnaris (尺侧腕屈肌) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  13. C. Muscles of the Forearm Second layer 6) flexor digitorum superficialis (指浅屈肌) Third layer 7) flexor pollicis longus(拇长屈肌) 8) flexor digitorum profundus(指深屈肌) Fourth layer 9) pronator quadratus (旋前方肌) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  14. C. Muscles of the Forearm 2. Posterior group (后群) Superficial layer 1) extensor carpi radialis longus(桡侧腕长伸肌) 2) extensor carpi radialis brevis(桡侧腕短伸肌) 3) extensor digitorum(指伸肌) 4) extensor digiti minimi (小指伸肌) 5) extensor carpi ulnaris (尺侧腕伸肌) 6) anconeus(肘肌) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  15. C. Muscles of the Forearm Deep layer 7) supinator(旋后肌) 8) abductor pollicis longus(拇长展肌) 9) extensor pollicis brevis(拇短伸肌) 10) extensor pollicis longus(拇长伸肌) 11) extensor indicis (示指伸肌) [wrist drop 垂腕] Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  16. C. Muscles of the Forearm Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  17. C. Muscles of the Forearm Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  18. Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  19. D. Muscles of the Hand 1. Lateral group (thenar muscles 鱼际肌) 1) abductor pollicis brevis (拇短展肌) 2) flexor pollicis brevis (拇短屈肌) 3) ★ opponens pollicis (拇对掌肌) [monkey paw 猿形手] 4) adductor pollicis (拇收肌) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  20. D. Muscles of the Hand 2. Medial group(hypothenar muscles 小鱼际肌) 5) abductor digiti minimi(小指展肌) 6) flexor digiti minimibrevis(小指短屈肌) 7) opponens digiti minimi (小指对掌肌) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  21. D. Muscles of the Hand 3. Intermediate group 8) lumbricales(蚓状肌): 4 9) palmar interossei(骨间掌侧肌): 3 10) dorsal interossei(骨间背侧肌): 4 Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  22. E. Fasciae of the Upper Limb 1. Axillary fascia (腋筋膜) 2. Bicipital aponeurosis (肱二头肌腱膜) 3. Flexor retinaculum (屈肌支持带) 4. Extensor retinaculum (伸肌支持带) 5. Palmar aponeurosis (掌腱膜) Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  23. F. Regional Anatomy of the Upper Limb 1. Axillary fossa(腋窝) 2. Trilateral foramen(三边孔) 3. Quadrilateral foramen(四边孔) 4. Cubital fossa(肘窝) 4. Carpal canal(腕管) [carpal tunnel syndrome 腕管综合征] Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  24. Muscles that move the arm (humerus) Pectoralis major Flexes, adducts and rotates arm medially. Latissimus dorsi Extends, adducts, and rotates arm medially; draws arm downward and backward. Deltoid Abducts, flexes, extends, and medially and laterally rotates arm. Subscapularis Rotates arm medially. Supraspinatus Assists deltoid muscle in abducting arm. Infraspinatus Rotates arm laterally; adducts arm. Teres major Extends arm; assists in adduction and medial rotation of arm. Teres minor Rotates arm laterally; extends and adducts arm. Coracobrachialis Flexes and adducts arm. Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  25. Muscles that move the forearm (radius and ulna) Biceps brachii Flexes and supinates forearm; flexes arm. Brachialis Flexes forearm. Brachioradialis Flexes forearm; semisupinates and semipronates forearm. Triceps brachii Extends forearm; extends arm. Anconeus Extends forearm. Pronator teres Pronates forearm and hand and flexes forearm. Pronator quadratus Pronates forearm and hand. Supinator Supinates forearm and hand. Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  26. Muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers • Flexor carpi radialis Flexes and abducts wrist. • Palmaris longus Flexes wrist. • Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexes and adducts wrist. • Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexes middle phalanges of each • finger. • Flexor digitorum profundus Flexes distal phalanges of each • finger. • Flexor pollicis longus Flexes thumb. • Extensor carpi radialis longus Extends and abducts wrist. • Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extends and abducts wrist. • Extensor digitorum Extends phalanges. • Extensor digiti minimi Extends little finger. • Extensor carpi ulnaris Extends and adducts wrist. • Abductor pollicis longus Extends thumb & abducts wrist. • Extensor pollicis brevis Extends thumb & abducts wrist. • Extensor indicis Extends index finger. Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

  27. Muscles that move the fingers • Abductor pollicis brevis Abducts thumb. • Flexor pollicis brevis Flexes and adducts thumb. • Opponens pollicis Draws thumb across palm to meet little finger • (opposition). • Adductor pollicis Adducts thumb. • Abductor digiti minimi Abducts little finger. • Flexor digiti minimi Flexes little finger. • Opponens digiti minimi Draws little finger across palm to meet thumb. • Lumbricals Extends interphalangeal joints and flexes • metacarpophalangeal joints. • Dorsal interossei Abducts fingers from middle finger; flexes • metacarpophalangeal joints; and extends • interphalangeal joints. • Palmar interossei Adducts fingers toward middle finger; flexes • metacarpophalangeal joints; and extends • interphalangeal joints. Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University

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